Rou Shi
Bordahl, Vibeke. "Some Woman Characters in the Works of Rou Shi." In Anna Gerstlacher, et al, eds., Women and Literature in China. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1985.


Ru Zhijuan
Hegel, Robert E. "Political Integration in Ru Zhijuan's 'Lilies'." In Theodore Huters, ed., Reading the Modern Chinese Short Story. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1990, 92-104.

"An Interview with Ru Zhijian." Chinese Literature 3 (March 1980): 92-99.

San Mao
Lang, Miriam. "San Mao Goes Shopping: Travel and Consumption in a Post-Colonial World." East Asian History 10 (Dec. 1995): 127-64.

-----. "San Mao Makes History." East Asian History 19 (June 2000): 145-80.

-----. San Mao and the Known World. PhD thesis. Canberra: Australian Naitonal University, 1999.

-----. "Taiwanese Romance: San Mao and Qiong Yao." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 515-19.

-----. "San Mao and Qiong Yao: A 'Popular' Pair." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 15, 2 (Fall 2003): 76-120

Lin Fangmei. Social Change and Romantic Ideology: The Impact of the Public Industry, Family Organization and Gender Roles on the Reception and Interpretation of Romance Fiction in Taiwan. Ph. D. diss. University of Pennsylvania, 1992.

Sha Ting
Anderson, Marston. The Limits of Realism: Chinese Fiction in the Revolutionary Period. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990. [final chapter]

Pin, Chih. "Sha Ting [She T'ing] the Novelist." Chinese Literature 10 (1964): 97-104.

Wong, Kam-ming. "Animals in a Teahouse: The Art of Sha Ting's Fiction." In La litterature au temps de la geurre contre le Japon (1937 a 1945). Paris: Editions de la Fondation Singer-Polignac, 1982.


Sha Yexin
Barme, Geremie. "A Word for the Imposter--Introducing the Drama of Sha Yexin." Renditions 19/20 (1983): 319-32.

Vittinghoff, Natascha. Gesischichte der Partei entwunden: Eine semiotische Analyse des Dramas Jiang Qing und ihre Ehemanner (1991) von Sha Yexin. Dortmund: Projekt Verlag, 1995. [study of Jiang Qing and her Husbands, plus translation of the play]

-----. "History and Heroes Privatim: Transformations of the Theatrical Norm in Sha Yexin's Historical Drama." China Information 11, 4 (Spring, 1997): 105-16.

-----. "China’s Generation X: Rusticated Red Guards in Controversial Contemporary Plays." In Woei Lian Chong, ed., China’s Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution: Master Narratives and Post-Mao Counternarratives. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002, 285-318. [discusses Sha Yexin’s New Sprouts from the Borderlands, Wang Peigong’s We, and Xun Pinli’s Yesterday’s Longan Trees]

Fong, Gilbert. "The Darkened Vision: If I Were For Real and the Movie." In C. Tung and C. Mackerras, eds., Drama in the People's Republic of China. Albany: SUNY Press, 1987, 233-53.


Shang Qin
Yeh, Michelle. "'Variant Keys' and 'Omni-Vision': A Study of Shang Qin." Modern Chinese Literature 9, 2 (1996): 327-68.

Yip, Wai-lim. "At Once Beyond and Within Reality and History: Shang Qin's Subversive Strategies." Renditions 74 (Autumn 2010): 67-79.

Shao Xunmei
Hutt, Jonathan. "La Maison d'Or: The Sumptuous World of Shao Xunmei." East Asian History 21 (June 2001): 111-42.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Decadent and Dandy: Shao Xunmei and Ye Lingfeng." In Lee, Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930-1945. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1999, 232-66.

Shao Yanxiang
Hung, Yung-ku. "Shao Yen-hsiang's Writing: The Divergent Way." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 157-62.

Shen Congwen
Hsia, C.T. "Shen Ts'ung-wen (1902- )." In C.T. Hsia. A History of Modern Chinese Fiction 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 189-211, 359-66.

Huangfu, Jenny. "Roads to Salvation: Shen Congwen, Xiao Qian, and the Problem of Non-Communist Celebrity Writers, 1948-1957." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 22, 2 (Fall 2010): 39-87.

Kinkley, Jeffrey. "Shen Congwen's Legacy in Chinese Literature of the 1980s." In Ellen Widmer and David Wang, eds., From May Fourth to June Fourth: Fiction and Film in Twentiety-Century China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993, 71-106.

-----. “Echoes of Maxim Gorky in the Works of Ding Ling and Shen Congwen.” In Marian Galik, ed., Interliterary and Intraliterary Aspects of the May Fourth Movement 1919 in China. Bratislava: Veda, 1990, 179-88.

-----. The Odyssey of Shen Congwen. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1987.

-----. "Shen Congwen and the Uses of Regionalism in Modern Chinese Literature." Modern Chinese Literature 1, 2 (1985): 157-184.

-----. "Shen Ts'ung-wen's Vision of Republican China." Ph.D. Dissertation. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1978.

-----. "Shen Congwen and Imagined Native Communities." Riep, Steven L. "Chinese Modernism: The New Sensationists." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 425-30.

-----. "Shen Congwen among the Chinese Modernists." Monumenta Serica 54 (2006): 311-41.

-----. "Shen Congwen." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 192-205.

Lee, Haiyan. "The Other Chinese: Romancing the Folk in May Fourth Native Soil Fiction.” Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies ( special issue: “Ethics and Ethnicity”) 33, 2 (Sept. 2007): 9-34. [Deals with the works of Yang Zhensheng, Fei Ming, and Shen Congwen.]

Li, Rui. "Shen Congwen: A Different Commemoration." Chinese Cross Currents 1, 2 (2004): 8-22. [in English and Chinese]

Lo, Man Wa. "Female Selfhood and Initiation in Shen Congwen's The Border Town and Ding Ling's The Girl Ah Mao." Chinese/International Comparative Literature Bulletin 1 (1996): 20-33.

Lu, Jie. "Critiquing the City, Envisioning the Country: Shen Congwen's Urban Fiction." Neohelicon 37, 2 (Dec. 2010): 359-72.

MacDonald, William L. Characters and Themes in Shen Ts'ung Wen's Fiction. Ph.D. Diss. Seattle: University of Washington, 1970.

McDougall, Bonnie. “Disappearing Women and Disappearing Men in May Fourth Narrative: A Post-Feminist Survey of Short Stories by Mao Dun, Bing Xin, Ling Shuhua and Shen Congwen.” In McDougall, Fictional Authors, Imaginary Audiences: Modern Chinese Literature in the Twentieth Century. HK: Chinese University Press, 2003, 133-70.

Nieh, Hua-ling. Shen Ts'ung-wen. Boston: Twayne, 1972.

Ng, Janet. "A Moral Landscape: Reading Shen Congwen's Autobiography and Travelogues." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, and Reviews 23 (2002): 81-102. Rpt. in Ng, The Experience of Modernity: Chinese Autobiography in the Early Twentieth Century. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2003, 119-44. .

Oakes, Timothy S. “Shen Congwen’s Literary Regionalism and the Gendered Landscape of Chinese Modernity.” Geografiska Annaler, Series B, Human Geography 77:2. 1995: 93-107.

Peng, Hsiao-yen. Antithesis Overcome: Shen Congwen's Avant-Gardism and Primitivism. Taipei: Institute of Chinese Literature and Philosophy, Academica Sinica, 1994.

Prince, Anthony J. The Life and Works of Shen Ts'ung-wen. Ph.D. Diss. Sydney: University of Sydney, 1968.

Rabut, Isabelle. La creation litteraire chez Shen Congwen, du proces de l'histoire a l'apologie de la fiction. Ph. D. diss. Paris, 1992.

Stafutti, Stefania. "Wonderful China?--On Shen Congwen's 'Travelogue of Alice in China.'" In Findeisen and Gassmann, eds., Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern: Peter Lang, 1997.

Stuckey, Andrew. "The Lyrical and the Local: Shen Congwen, Roots, and Temporality in the Lyrical Tradition." In Stuckey, Old Stories Retold: Narrative and Vanishing Pasts in Modern China. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010, 83-98.

Wang, David. Fictional Realism in Twentieth-Century China: Mao Dun, Lao She, Shen Congwen. NY: Columbia UP, 1992.

-----. "Imaginary Nostalgia: Shen Congwen, Song Zelai, Mo Yan, and Li Yongping." In Ellen Widmer and David Wang, eds., From May Fourth to June Fourth: Fiction and Film in Twentiety-Century China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993, 107-132.

-----. "Lu Xun, Shen Congwen, and Decapitation." In X. Tang and L. Kang, eds. Politics, Ideology, and Literary Discourse in Modern China: Theoretical Interventions and Cultural Critique. Durham: Duke UP, 1993, 278-99.

Wang, Xiaojue. "From Asylum to Museum: The Discourse of Insanity and Schizophrenia in Shen Congwen's 1949 Transition." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 23, 1 (Spring 2011): 133-68.

Wong, Yoon Wah. “Structure, Symbolism and Contrast in Shen Congwen’s The Border Town.” In Wong, Essays on Chinese Literature. Singapore: Singapore University Press, 1988, 67-81.

Xiao, Jiwei. "Something Rich and Strange: Lyricism, Violence, and Woman in Shen Congwen's Fiction." Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies 35, 1 (March 2008).

[Abstract: Shen’s lyricism has long been regarded as a pastoralist’s expression of nostalgia for the "lost paradise" of his hometown and of a pre-industrialized China. However, critics have discerned a darker side in Shen’s lyricism, namely, his fascination with the motifs of violence and death. This paper is an attempt to continue the discussion on the complexity of Shen’s lyricism, but from a different perspective. I observe that this lyricism is not a mere therapeutic response to destruction and cruelty. It is precisely grounded in and shaped by the sea change that took place in the early 20th century China and in the writer’s own life. One discovers an intense lyrical tension in his writings that’s derived from a paradoxical impulse to both keep the details of past brutality alive and be rid of its haunting of the present. This tension gives rise to a lyricism of violence, with which the writer is able to withstand the pull of ideology and the congealment of nostalgia into sentimentalism. In the second part of the paper, I point out that the complexity of Shen’s lyricism is also reflected in his aesthetic transfiguration of the deadly into the erotic. More frequently than those anonymous decapitated corpses that haunted the writer’s memory, dead but still desirable female figures are placed at the center of many of Shen’s fiction. While she represents the life-affirming force of Eros for the male subject, the woman herself in these stories is turned into an uncanny being: neither alive nor dead, fantastic yet frozen under the objectifying male gaze. The ideological implication of the writer’s lyricism of violence therefore gets ambiguous here.]

Yue, Gang. "Shen Congwen's 'Modest Proposal.'" In The Mouth that Begs: Hunger, Cannibalism, and the Politics of Eating in Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 101-44.


Shen Haobo
Van Crevel, Maghiel. “Lower Body Poetry and Its Lineage: Disavowal, Bad Behavior and Social Concern,” in Jie Lu ed., China’s Literary and Cultural Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century. Oxford: Routledge, 2008, 179-205. Revised as "The Lower Body: Yin Lichuan and Shen Haobo." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money, Leiden: Brill, 2008, 305-343.


Shen Rong
Larson, Wendy. "Women, Writers, Social Reform: Three Issues in Shen Rong's Fiction." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1989, 174-95.

Yang, Gladys. "Shen Rong and her Fiction." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 185-92.


Shi Shuqing
Jin, Yanyu. "Three Chinese Women Writers and the City in the 1990s." In Kwok-kan Tam and Terry Siu-han Yip, eds., Gender, Discourse and the Self in Literature: Issues in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2010, 147-57. [deals with Wang Anyi, Shi Shuqing, and Zhu Tianxin]

Shi Tuo  
Day, Steven P. "Shi Tuo (Lu Fen)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 206-11.

Gunn, Edward." Shih T'o." In Gunn, Unwelcome Muse: Chinese Literature in Shanghai and Peking, 1937-1945. NY: Columbia UP, 1980, 77-102.

Hsia, C. T. "Shih T'o." In Hsia, History of Modern Chinese Fiction, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 461-68.

Huters, Theodore. "The Telling of Shi Tuo's 'The Kiss.'" In Huters, ed. Reading the Modern Chinese Short Story. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1990, 74-91.

Slupski, Zbigniew. "The World of Shih T'o." Asian and African Studies, 9 (1973): 11-28.

Zhang, Yingjin. The City in Modern Chinese Literature and Film: Configurations of Space, Time, and Gender. Stanford: SUP, 1996, 39-58. [treats Guoyuan cheng ji (the orchard town; 1946)]


Shi Zhecun  
Ge, Mai. "The Modern Writer Shi Zhecun." Tr. Chen Haiyan. Chinese Literature 4 (Win 1991): 156-161.

Hidveghyova, Elena. "The Decadent Obsession: Eros versus Celibacy in the Work of Shi Zhecun and Anatole France." Asian and African Studies (Bratislava) 4, 1 (1995): 47-70.

Jones, Andrew F. "The Violence of the Text: Reading Yu Hua and Shi Zhicun." positions: east asia cultures critique 2, 3 (1994): 570-602.

Lang-tan, Goat Kuei. "The European Literature of The Décadence and the so-called Modernist Chinese Short Stories from the Twenties and Thirties: Interliterary and Intraliterary Studies of Arthur Schnitzler (1862-1931), Shi Zhechun (1905- ) and Ling Shuhua (1900-1990)." In Gálik, Marián, ed., Interliterary and Intraliterary Aspects of The May Fourth Movement 1919 in China. Proceeding of the International Sinological Symposium, Smolenice Castle, March 13-17. Bratislava: Veda Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Science, 1989,139-154.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "The Erotic, The Fantastic, and the Uncanny: Shi Zhecun's Experimental Stories." In Lee, Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930-1945. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1999, 153-89.

Liu, Jianmei. "Shanghai Variations on 'Revolution Plus Love.'" Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 14, 1 (Spring 2002): 51-92. [deals with texts by Shi Zhecun, Liu Na'ou, Mu Shiying, Zhang Ziping, and Ye Lingfeng]

McGrath, Jason, “Patching the Void: Subjectivity and Anamorphic Bewitchment in Shi Zhecun’s Fiction.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 4, 2 (2001): 1-30.

Rosenmeier, Christopher John. Shanghai Avant-garde: The Fiction of Shi Zhecun, Mu Shiying, Xu Xu, and Wumingshi. Ph. D. diss. London: University of London, 2006.

-----. "Women Stereotypes in Shi Zhecun's Short Stories." Modern China 37 (2011): 44-68.

[Abstract: This article analyses the representation of women in two 1933 short story collections by Shi Zhecun: An Evening of Spring Rain and Exemplary Conduct of Virtuous Women. It discusses how the New Woman image was a site of contestation in Republican China, and argues that Shi Zhecun's short stories contain four basic stereotypes: the enigmatic woman, the estranged wife, the prostitute, and the inhibited woman. Using these narratives of women and how they were perceived by men, Shi Zhecun deconstructed the New Woman image by subverting the various ways modernity was projected onto women.]

Schaefer, William. "Kumarajiva's Foreign Tongue: Shi Zhecun's Modernist Historical Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature 10, 1/2 (1998): 25-70.

Shih, Shu-mei. "Capitalism and Interiority: Shi Zhecun's Tales of the Erotic-Grotesque." In Shi, The Lure of the Modern: Writing Modernism in Semicolonial China, 1917-1937. Berkeley: UC Press, 2001, 339-370.

Wang, Yiyan. "Venturing into Shanghai: The Flâneur in Two of Shi Zhecun's Short Stories." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 19, 2 (Fall 2007): 34-70.

Xiao, Ying. "Criticism of the Contemporary Irrational Novel." Tr. Qi Naizheng. rev. by Feng Shize and Bruce Doar [works by Mu Shiying, Shi Zhecun, Liu Na'ou, Li Jinming, Xu Xiacun and Hei Ying]. Social Sciences in China 3, 4 (Dec 1992): 63-74.

Zhang, Hongbing. “Writing ‘the Strange’ of the Chinese Modern: Sutured Body, Naturalized Beauty, and Shi Zhecun’s ‘Yaksha.’” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 2 (2002): 29-54.


Shi Zhi
Shi, Zhi. "To My American Readers." Tr. Jonathan Stalling. Chinese Literature Today (Winter/Spring 2011): 6-12.

Zhang, Qinghua. "The Return of the Pioneer: On Shi Zhi and His Poetry." Tr. Jonathan Stalling. Chinese Literature Today (Winter/Spring 2011): 6-12.


Shu Ting
Chen, Zhongyi. "Afterword: Some Thoughts on Shu Ting's Poetry." In Shu Ting, Selected Poems. Hong Kong: Renditions Paperbacks, 1994, 131-134.

Kubin, Wolfgang. "Writing with your Body: Literature as a Wound - Remarks on the Poetry of Shu Ting." MCL 4, 1/2 (1988): 149-62.

Swihart, De-an Wu. "Introduction." In The Mist of My Heart: Selected Poems of Shu Ting. Tr. Gordon T. Osing and De-an Wu Swihart. Ed. William O'Donnell. Beijing: Panda Books, 1995, 5-17.


Shui Jing
Cheng, Stephen. "The Jamesian Techniques in 'Delirious Mutterings at Midnight.'" Tamkang Review 11, 1 (Fall 1980): 43-64.


Sima Zhongyuan
Elvin, Mark. "The Punishment of Heaven: Sima Zhongyuan, The Bastard." In Elvin, Changing Stories in the Chinese World. Stanford: SUP, 1997, 178-206.

-----. "Secular Karma: The Communist Revolution Understood in Traditional Terms." In Mabel Lee, and A. D. Syrokomola-Stefanowska, eds., Modernization of the Chinese Past. Sydney: Wild Peony, 1993, 75-93.

Song Zelai
Hillenbrand, Margaret. "Trauma and the Politics of Identity: Form and Function in the Fictional Narratives of the February 28th Incident." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 17, 2 (Fall 2005): 49-89. [deals in part with Song's The City of Damao in Revolt]

Liao, Chaoyang. “Catastrophe and Hope: The Politics of “The Ancient Capital” and The City Where the Blood-Red Bat Descended.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 4, 1 (2000): 5-34.

"Catastrophe and Hope: The Politics of The Ancient Capital and The City Where the Blood-Red Bat Descended." On-line works of Liao Chaoyang.

Martin, Helmut. "The Future of China, Taiwan and Hongkong: Perspectives Explored by Contemporary Chinese Writers." In King-yuh Chang, ed., Ideology and Politics in Twentieth Century China. Taipei: Institute of International Relations, National Chengchi University, 1988, 174-95.

Wang, David. "Imaginary Nostalgia: Shen Congwen, Song Zelai, Mo Yan, and Li Yongping." In Ellen Widmer and David Wang, eds., From May Fourth to June Fourth: Fiction and Film in Twentiety-Century China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993, 107-132.


Su Manshu
Fong, Gilbert Chee Fun. Subjectivism in Xu Zhenya (1889-193?) and Su Manshu (1884- 1918): Chinese Fiction in Transition. Ph.D. Dissertation. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1982.

Hsu, C.Y. "Su Man-shu, Poet-Monk of Genius." Asian Culture 18, 4 (1989): 29-66.

Hu, Ying. Tales of Translation: Composing the New Woman in China, 1899-1918. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2000, 98-103.

Ip, Hung-yok. "Buddhism, Literature, and Chinese Modernity: Su Manshu's Imaginings of Love (1911-1916)." In Kai-wing Chow, Tze-ki Hon, Hung-yok Ip, and Don Price, eds., Beyond the May Fourth Paradigm: In Search of Chinese Modernity. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2008.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. The Romantic Generation of Modern Chinese Writers. Cambridge: HUP, 1973. [contains a chapter on Su]

Liu Wu-chi. Su Man-shu. Boston: Twayne, 1972.

McAleavy, Henry. Su Manshu, a Sino-Japanese Genius. London: China Society, 1960.


Su Qing
Dooling, Amy. "Outwitting Patriarchy: Comic Narrative Strategies in the Works of Yang Jiang, Su Qing, and Zhang Ailing." In Dooling, Women's Literary Feminism in Twentieth-Century China. NY: Palgrave MacMillan, 2005, 137-70.

Su Tong
Deppman, Hsiu-Chuang. "Body, Space, and Power: Reading the Cultural Images of Concubines in the Works of Su Tong and Zhang Yimou." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 15, 2 (Fall 2003): 121-53.

Knight, Deirdre Sabina. "Decadence, Revolution and Self-Determination in Su Tong's Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature 10, 1/2(1998): 91-112. >

-----. "Absolute Career Change." Review of My Life as Emperor by Su Tong. Tr. Howard Goldblatt. (NY: Hyperion East, 2005). PRI's The
World (June 4, 2008).

Lafirenza, Fiorenzo. "Il personaggio "Io" in La casa dei papaveri da oppio di Su Tong: un caso di serendipit." Asiatic Venetiana 2 (1997): 81-92.

Leenhouts, Mark. "The Contented Smile of the Writer: An Interview with Su Tong." China Information 11, 4 (Spring 1997): 70-80.

Li, Hua. Contemporary Chinese Fiction by Su Tong and Yu Hua: Coming of Age in Troubled Times. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2011.

[Abstract: The book explores the coming-of-age fiction of two of the most critically acclaimed and frequently translated contemporary Chinese authors, Yu Hua and Su Tong; it is the first in-depth book-length treatise in English about the contemporary Chinese Bildungsroman. Although various individual contemporary Chinese novelists and individual works of Chinese fiction have previously been discussed under the rubric of the Bildungsroman, none of these efforts has approached the level of comprehensive and comparative analysis that this book brings to the genre and its social contexts in contemporary China. This book will pique the interests not only of scholars and students of Chinese and comparative literature, but also of historians and social scientists with an interest in the region.]

Lu, Tonglin. "Feminity and Masculinity in Su Tong's Trilogy." In Lu, Misogyny, Cultural Nihilism and Oppositional Politicss: Contemporary Chinese Experimental Fiction. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1995, 129-54.

Meng Yue. "Su Tong de 'jiashi' yu 'lishi' xiezuo" (On Su Tong's writing of 'family genealogy' and 'history'). Jintian 2 (1990): 84-93.

Tang, Xiaobing. "The Mirror as History and History as Spectacle: Reflections on Hsiao Yeh and Su T'ung." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 203-20. Rpt. in Chinese Modernism: The Heroic and the Quotidian. Durham: Duke UP, 2000, 225-44.

Visser, Robin. "Displacement of the Urban-Rural Confrontation in Su Tong's Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature 9, 1 (1995): 113-38.

Xu, Jian. "Blush from Novella to Film: The Possibility of Critical Art in Commodity Culture." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 12, 1 (Spring 2000): 115-63.

Su Weizhen
Xu, Gang Gary. "Doubled Configuration: Reading Su Weizhen’s Theatricality." In David Der-wei Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 233-52.

Su Wen (Du Heng)
Macdonald, Sean. " 'Modernism' in Modern Chinese Literature: the 'Third Type of Person' as a Figure of Autonomy." The Canadian Review of Comparative Literature 29, 2/3 (June/Sept. 2002): 289-315.

[This paper is a discussion of the New Sensation School (Xin ganjuepai), a group of authors that included Liu Na'ou, Mu Shiying, Shi Zhecun, Ye Lingfeng, and Du Heng, and who were active in Shanghai in the 1920s and 30s. In 1933, Du Heng, writing as Su Wen, edited an anthology of essays based on the Debate on Literary and Artistic Freedom that took place within the Left League. This debate, especially arguments surrounding the so called "third type of person" (disanzhong ren), is read within the context of the historical theory of aesthetic autonomy and the recent reappearance of the term "modernism" in modern Chinese literature. The "third type of person" debate is rarely discussed in detail, if it is discussed at all, despite its historical and cultural significance. Indeed, it is suggested that this debate represented an important discussion of ideas that were in the air in 1930s Shanghai, and a very significant theoretical parallel to the emergence of New Sensationist and early modernist fiction in China.]

Su Jingxuan
Yu, Yin. "A Critique of Sun Ching-hsuan's Poetry." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 1213-20.

Sun Wenbo
Crespi, John. "Poetic Memory: Recalling the Cultural Revolution in the Poems of Yu Jian and Sun Wenbo." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 165-183.

van Crevel, Maghiel. "Rhythm, Sound and Sense: Narrativity in Sun Wenbo’s Poetry: " Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 6, 1 (2005): 119-151. Revised as "Narrative Rhythm, Sound and Sense: Sun Wenbo." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 280-304.

Syman Rapongan (Xiaman Lanbo'an)
Tung, Shu-ming. "The Romantic Homecoming of Syman Rapongan." Tr. Yingtsih Huang. Taiwan Literature: English Language Series 17 (July 2005): 135-64.

Tashi Dawa
Danxhu, Angben. "Tashi Dawa and His Works." Tr. Chen Haiyan. Chinese Literature (Aut. 1991): 58-62.

Grünfelder, Alice. Tashi Dawa und die neuere tibetische Literatur ( Tashi Dawa and modern Tibetan literature).
Bochum: Edition Cathay, 1999. [Table of Content: 1. Einleitung (Introduction); 2. Minderheitenliteratur (literature by minorities); 3. Tibetische Literatur (Tibetan literature); 4. Tashi Dawas Erzählungen (The stories of Tashi Dawa); 5. Perspektiven eines neuen Regionalismus (Perspectives of a New Tibetan Regionalism)]

Tan Sitong
Chan, Sin-wai. T'an Ssu-t'ung, an annotated bibliography. Hong Kong: Chinese University Press, 1980.

Chang, Hao. Chinese intellectuals in crisis: search for order and meaning (1890-1911). Berkeley: UCP, 1987.

Kwong, Luke S. K., Tan Ssu-tung, 1865-1898: Life and Thought of a Reformer. Leiden: New York: E.J. Brill, 1996.

Oka, Takashi. “The Philosophy of T’an Ssu-t’ung.” Papers in China 9 (Aug. 1955): 1-47.

Schafer, Ingo. “Natural Philosophy, Physics and Metaphysics in the Discourse of Tan Sitong: The Concepts of Qi and Yitai.” In Lackner et al. eds., New Terms for New Ideas: Western Knowledge and Lexical China in Late Imperial China. Boston, Koln: Leiden, 2001, 257-69.

-----. "The People, People's Rights, and Rebellion: The Development of Tan Sitong's Political Thought." In Joshua Fogel and Peter G. Zarrow, eds., Imagining the People: Chinese Intellectuals and the Concept of Citizenship, 1890-1920. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1997, 82-112.

Shek, Richard H. “Some Western Influences on T’an Ssu-t’ung’s Thought.” In Paul A. Cohen and John E. Schrecker, eds., Reform in Nineteenth-Century China. Cambridge, MA: East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, 1976, 194-203.

Talbott, Nathan. "T'an Ssu-t'ung and the Ether." In Robert K. Sakai, ed., Studies on Asia. Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska, 1960, 20-30.

Tan Yunshan
Tan, Chung, ed. In the Footsteps of Xuanzang: Tan Yun-shan and India. Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts, 1999.

Tao Jingsun
Shih, Shu-mei. "Evolutionism and Experimentalism: Lu Xun and Tao Jingsun." In Shi, The Lure of the Modern: Writing Modernism in Semicolonial China, 1917-1937. Berkeley: UC Press, 2001, 73-95.

Tian Han
Abjimanmudova, B. “Tian Han, the Honest Son of China.” Far Eastern Affairs 4 (1988): 86-97.

Bernard, Elizabeth. "T'ian Han's 'Reactionary Works': 1956-1962." In G. de la Lama, ed., 30th International Congress of Human Sciences in Asian and North Africa, China 1. Mexico City: Colegio de Mexico, 1982.

Chen, Xiaomei. "Reflections on theLegacy of Tian Han: 'Proletarian Modernism' and Its Traditional Roots." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 18, 1 (Spring 2006): 155-215.

-----. "Tian Han and the Southern Society Phenomenon: Networking the Personal, Communal, and Cultural." In Kirk A. Denton and Michel Hockx, eds., Literary Societies in Republican China. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2008, 241-79.

Fu, Hu. "Tian Han and His Immense Contribution to Modern Chinese Drama." Chinese Literature 10 (1979).

Haringova, Jarmila. “The Development of Tian Han’s Dramatic Writing during the Years 1920-1937.” In Jaroslav Prusek, ed. Studies in Modern Chinese Literature. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1964.

Kaplan, Randy. The Pre-leftist One-act Dramas of Tian Han (1898-1968). Ph. D. diss. The Ohio State University, 1986.

-----. "Images of Subjugation and Defiance: Female Characters in the Early Dramas of Tian Han." Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 87-98.

-----. "Planting the Seeds of Theatrical Realism in China: Tian Han's Contributions to Modern Chinese Drama." World Literature Today 62, 1 (Winter 1988).

Kasarello, Lidia. "Uber die Modernitat der fruhen Stucke von Tian Han." In: Findeisen, Raoul D.; Gassmann, Robert H., eds. Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern; Berlin: Peter Lang, 1998, 323-333.

Kuoshu, Harry H. "Visualizing Ah Q: An Allegory's Resistance to Representation." In Harry Kuoshu, Lightness of Being in China: Adaptation and Discursive Figuration in Cinema and Theater. NY: Peter Lang, 1999, 17-49. [deals in part with Tian's play The True Story of Ah Q]

Lee, Lily Hsiao Hung. "Local Colour in Two of T'ien Han's Early Works." The Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia 15/16 (1983/84): 102-16.

McDougall, Bonnie S. "The Search for Synthesis: T'ien Han and Mao Tun in 1920." In A.R. Davis, ed., Search for Identity: Modern Literature and the Creative Arts in Asia. Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1974, 225-54.

Tian Benxiang et al., eds. Tian Han pingzhuan (An critical biography of Tian Han). Chongqing: Chongqing, 1998.

Tung, Constantine. "T'ien Han and Romantic Ibsen." Modern Drama 9, 4 (1967): 389-95.

Tung, Constantine. “Lonely Search into the Unknown: T'ien Han's Early Plays, 1920-1930.” Comparative Drama 2 (Spring 1968): 44-54.

Wagner, Rudolf. "A Guide for the Perplexed and a Call to the Wavering: Tian Han's Guan Hanqing (1958) and the New Historical Drama." In Wagner, The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 1-79.

-----. "Tian Han's Peking Opera Xie Yaohuan (1961)." In Wagner, The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990, 80-138.

Xin, Wentong. "One of Tian Han's Anti-revolutionary Strategies--an examination of Tian Han's crime in using a new historical play, Guan Han-qing, to rebel against the Party." Tr. Kai-yu Hsu. In Hsu, ed. The Chinese Literary Scene: A Writers' Visit to the People's Republic. NY: Vintage Books, 1975, 43-50.


Tie Ning
Chen Xiaoming. "The Extrication of Memory in Tie Ning's Woman Showering: Privacy and the Trap of History." In Bonnie S. McDougall and Anders Hansson, eds., Chinese Concepts of Privacy. Leiden: Brill, 2002, 195-208.

Yip, Terry Siu-han. "Place, Gender and Identity: The Global-Local Interplay in Three Stories from China, Taiwan and Hong Kong." In Kwok-kan Tam et al., eds., Sights of Contestation: Localism, Globalism and Cultural Production in Asia and the Pacific. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2002, 17-34. [deals with stories by Tie Ning, Zhang Xiguo (Chang Shi-kuo), and Ye Si]

Wan Zhi
Noether, Roger. "Aspects of the Rural Relocation Program Through Underground Short Stories: A Look at Wan Zhi's 'City Lights'." Modern Chinese Literature Newsletter 6, 1 (1980): 1-8.


Wang Anyi
Chen, Helen H. "Gender, Subjectivity, Sexuality: Defining a Subversive Discourse in Wang Anyi's Four Tales of Sexual Transgression." In Yingjin Zhang, ed. China in a Polycentric World: Essays in Chinese Comparative Literature. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1999, 90-109.

Chong, W.L. "Love and Sexuality: Themes from a Lecture by Woman Writer Wang Anyi." China Information 3, 3 (Win 1988-1989): 64-65.

Choy, Howard Y. F. "Bourgeois Shanghai: Wang Anyi's Novel of Nostalgia." China Beat (July 14, 2008).

-----. "Centering and Decentering Methodologies: Wang Anyi's Migratory Mythology and Descriptive Historiography." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 10, 1 (Summer 2010).

Jin, Yanyu. "Three Chinese Women Writers and the City in the 1990s." In Kwok-kan Tam and Terry Siu-han Yip, eds., Gender, Discourse and the Self in Literature: Issues in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2010, 147-57. [deals with Wang Anyi, Shi Shuqing, and Zhu Tianxin]

Feuerwerker, Yi-tsi Mei. "The Post-Modern 'Search for Roots' in Han Shaogong, Mo Yan, and Wang Anyi." In Feuerwerker, Ideology, Power, Text: Self-Representation and the Peasant "Other" in Modern Chinese Literature. Stanford: SUP, 1998, 188-238.

McDougall, Bonnie. "Self-Narrative as Group Discourse: Female Subjectivity in Wang Anyi's Fiction." Asian Studies Review 19, 2 (November 1995): 1-24. Rpt in McDougall, Fictional Authors, Imaginary Audiences: Modern Chinese Literature in the Twentieth Century. HK: Chinese University Press, 2003, 95-114.

Movius, Lisa. "Rewriting Old Shanghai Tragic Tales of Beautiful Young Girls Titillate Again." Asian Wall Street Journal (May 16-18, 2003). [on Wang Anyi's Song of Everlasting Sorrow and its dramatic adaptation]

Sieber, Patricia. "Wang Anyi." In Sieber, ed. Red Is Not the Only Color: Contemporary Chinese Fiction on Love and Sex between Women, Collected Stories. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001, 191-93.

Solmecke, Ulrike. Zwischen äußerer und innerer Welt. Erzählprosa der chinesischen Autorin Wang Anyi von 1980–1990. Dortmund 1995.

Stuckey, Andrew. "Back to the Future: Temporality and Cliche in Wang Anyi's Song of Everlasting Sorrow." In Stuckey, Old Stories Retold: Narrative and Vanishing Pasts in Modern China. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010, 113-32.

Tang, Xiaobing. "Melancholy against the Grain: Approaching Postmodernity in Wang Anyi's Tales of Sorrow." Boundary 2 24, 3 (1997). Rpt. in Xudong Zhang and Arif Dirlik, eds., Postmodernism and China. Durham: Duke UP, 2000, 358-78. Rpt in Chinese Modernism: The Heroic and the Quotidian. Durham: Duke UP, 2000, 316-41.

"Wang Anyi." Kirjasto.sci.fi

Wang, Ban. "Love at Last Sight: Nostalgia, Commodity, and Temporailty in Wang Anyi's Song of Unending Sorrow." positions: east asia cultures critiques 10, 3 (Winter 2002): 669-94.

-----. "History in a Mythical Key: Temporality, Memory, and Tradition in Wang Anyi's Fiction." In Jie Lu, ed., China's Literary and Cultural Scene at the Turn of the 21st Century. NY: Routledge, 2008, 11-26.

Wang, Lingzhen. "Wang Anyi." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 592-97.

Xiao, Jiwei. "Can She Say No to Zhang Ailing? Detail, Idealism, and Woman in Wang Anyi's Fiction." Journal of Contemporary China 56 (August 2008): 513-28.

[Abstract: This article is a study of aesthetic idealism that characterizes the fictional works written by the contemporary Chinese writer Wang Anyi during the 1990s. I start with a comparison of Wang Anyi with Zhang Ailing, arguing that Wang's ambivalence towards Zhang's aesthetics of details is translated into a dilemma the former faces in her own writing. On the one hand, Wang Anyi appreciates Zhang's passion for life's details. Wang's own works show a high penchant for details. On the other hand, Wang is critical of Zhang's aesthetic leap from the sensuous (detail) to the nihilistic (meaning). Wang's anxiety over the ultimate value of detail can be attributed to her ideological allegiance to a May Fourth leftist tradition as well as to her awareness of the derogatory association of detail with women's writing in China. So in what way can Wang Anyi say no to Zhang Ailing? How does she try to steer clear of the danger of 'materialistic' trivialization that she sees lurking in details? I observe that in Wang's fiction there is neither a full embrace of idealism nor a total rejection of detailed realism a la Zhang Ailing. Instead, Wang Anyi treasures the use of details as a signifying practice to embrace her idealism. In her 1990s' fictional works, Wang Anyi's effort to circumvent the dichotomy between detail and idea is complicated by her attempt to use details to reconstruct pictures of the past. There are several aspects to this issue. First, although nostalgic details in Wang Anyi's 'memory stories' help to give expression to idealistic longings of the author, they also tend to conspire with the official ban on the discourse of the traumatic socialist past. Second, while details are regarded as important in sum total, they are actually relegated by the writer to a secondary place as mere constructing materials to serve the function of bringing out the larger idea. In terms of actual narration, the highly 'authoritative' voice often suppresses the depth of individual subjects in her fiction. Third, Wang's ambiguity with regards to details and 'feminine materials' affects her characterization of women. A reading of Wang's two fictional works, The Song of Everlasting Sorrow (Changhen ge) and Fu Ping, demonstrates that the writer's instrumental approach tends to render female characters stranded between allegorical figures and individual subjects.]

Ying, Hong. "Wang Anyi and her Fiction." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 217-24.

Yue, Gang. "Embodied Spaces of Home: Xiao Hong, Wang Anyi, and Li Ang." In The Mouth that Begs: Hunger, Cannibalism, and the Politics of Eating in Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 293-330.

Zhang, Xudong. "Shanghai Nostalgia: Postrevolutionary Allegories in Wang Anyi's Literary Production in the 1990s." positions: east asian cultures critique 8, 2 (2000) 349-387. Rpt. in Zhang, Postsocialism and Cultural Politics: China in the Last Decade of the Twentieth Century. Durham: Duke UP, 2008, 181-211.

Zhong, Xueping. "Sisterhood? Representations of Women's Relationships in Two Contemporary Chinese Texts." In Tonglin Lu, ed., Gender and Sexuality in Twentieth Century Chinese Literature and Society. Albany: SUNY Press, 1993, 157-73.


Wang Changxiong
Scruggs, Bert. "Identity and Free Will in Colonial Taiwan Fiction: Wu Zhuoliu’s 'The Doctor’s Mother' and Wang Changxiong’s 'Torrent.'" Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 16, 2 (Fall 2004): 160-83..


Wang Dulu
Sang, Tze-lan D. "Women's Work and Boundary Transgression in Wang Dulu's Popular Novels." In Bryna Goodman and Wendy Larson, eds., Gender in Motion: Divisions of Labor and Cultural Change in Late Imperial and Modern China. Lanham, Md.: Rowman and Littlefield, 2005, 287-308.

-----. "The Transgender Body in Wang Dulu's Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon." In Martin and Larissa Heinrich, eds., Embodied Modernities: Corporeality, Representation, and Chinese Cultures. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2006, 98-112.


Wang Duqing
Galik, Marian. "Ten Venetian Poems by Wang Duqing: Chinese Entry into Literary Decadence." Asiatica Venetiana 1 (1996).


Wang Gui
Conceison, Claire. "A Cruel World: Boundary-Crossing and Exile in the Great Going Abroad." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernity in Chinese Literature. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 121-40.


Wang Guowei
Bonner, Joey. Wang Kuo-wei: An Intellectual Biography. Cambridge: HUP, 1986.

Galik, Marian. "Liang Ch'i-ch'ao and Wang Kuo-wei: the First Impact of Modern Foreign Ideas on Chinese Literary World." In Galik, ed., Milestones in Sino-Western Literary Confrontation (1898-1979). Weisbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1986, 7-18.

He, Yuming. "Wang Guowei and the Beginnings of Modern Chinese Drama Studies." Late Imperial China 28, 2 (March 2008): 129-56.

Hu, Qiuhua. "Wang Guowei und Immanuel Kant: Zu den Anfangen der Interkulturalitat im China der spaten Qing Dynastie." Monumenta Serica 53 (2005): 337-60.

Liu, Qingzhang. "Wang Guowei and Kant: A Dialogue on Chinese and Western Poetics." In Mabel Lee and A. D. Syrokomla-Stefanowska, eds., Literary Intercrossings: East Asia and the West. Sydney: Wild Peony, 1998, 70-79.

Sun, Cecile Chu-chin. "Wang Guowei as Translator of Values." In David Pollard, ed., Translation and Creation: Readings of Western Literature in Early Modern China. Amsterdan, Philadelphia: J. Benjamins, 1998, 253-82.

Tu, Ching-i. "A Group of Wang Kuo-wei's Tz'u Poems: With an Introduction." In David C. Buxbaum and Frederick W. Mote, eds., Transition and Permanence: Chinese History and Culture. HK: Cathay Press, 1972, 379-93.

Wang, Ban. The Sublime Figure of History. Stanford: SUP, 1997. [one chapter deals with Wang's aesthetics]

Yeh, Florence Chia-Ying. "Wang Kuo-wei's Song Lyrics in Light of His Own Theories." In James R. Hightower and Florence Chia-ying Yeh, Studies in Chinese Poetry. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center,1998, 465-96.

-----. "Practice and Principle in Wang Kuo-wei's Criticism." In James R. Hightower and Florence Chia-ying Yeh, Studies in Chinese Poetry. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center,1998, 497-505.

-----. "Wang Kuo-wei's Character." In James R. Hightower and Florence Chia-ying Yeh, Studies in Chinese Poetry. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center,1998, 506-18.

-----. "An Interpretation of a Poem by Wang Kuo-wei." In James R. Hightower and Florence Chia-ying Yeh, Studies in Chinese Poetry. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center,1998, 519-22.


Wang Jiaxin
Crespi, John. "Traveling Poetry and the Presence of Soul: An Interview with Wang Jiaxin." Chinese Literature Today 2, 1 (2011): 78-82.

Van Crevel, Maghiel. "Exile: Yang Lian, Wang Jiaxin and Bei Dao." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money, Leiden: Brill, 2008, 137-186.


Wang Jingzhi
Hockx, Michel. "Born Poet and Born Lover: Wang Jingzhi's Love Poetry within the May Fourth Context." Modern Chinese Literature 9, 2 (1996): 261-96.

Findiesen, Raoul. "Wang Jingzhi's "Yesu de fenfu" (The Instructions by Jesus): A Christian Novel?" In Irene Eber, Sze-kar Wang, and Knut Walf, eds., Bible in Modern China. Nettetal: Steyler Verlag, 1999, 279-300.

Wang Lan
Ching, Eugene. "Wang Lan: Chinese Writers in Taiwan and Their Works." Journal of the Chinese Language Teachers Association 15, 3 (1980): 81-86.

Wang Lixiong
Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "Modernity and Apocalypse in Chinese Novels from the End of the Twentieth Century." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernities in Chinese Literature. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 101-20. [deals with Wang Lixiong's Yellow Peril, Lu Tianming's Heaven Above, Zhang Ping's Choice, and Mo Yan's Liquorland].

Veg, Sebastien. "Chinese Intellectuals and the Problem of Xinjiang." China Perspectives 3 (2008): 143-50. [deals largely with Wang Lixiong and his book Wo de xiyu, ni de dong tu]


Wang Luyan
Haddon, Rosemary. "Chinese Nativist Literature of the 1920s: The Sojourner-Narrator." Modern Chinese Literature 8 (1994): 97-124. [deals partly with Wang's fiction]

Wang Meng
Arkush, R. David. "One of the Hundred Flowers: Wang Meng's 'Young Newcomer.'" Papers on China 18 (1964): 155-86.

Barme, Geremie. "A Storm in a Rice Bowl: Wang Meng and Fictional Chinese Politics." China Information 7, 2 (Autumn 1992): 12-19.

Ch'a, Ling. "Wang Meng's Rustication and Advancement." Issues and Studies 22.9 (1986): 50-61.

Chang, Tze-chang. "Isolation and Self-Estrangement: Wang Meng's Alienated World." Issues and Studies 24, 1 (Jan. 1988): 140-54.

Ch'in, Chao-yang. "Hits and Misses." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 518-22.

Feuerwerker, Yi-tsi Mei. "Text, Intertext, and the Representation of the Writing Self in Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, and Wang Meng." In Ellen Widmer and David Wang, eds., From May Fourth to June Fourth: Fiction and Film in Twentiety-Century China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993, 167-93.

Iovene, Paula. "Why Is There a Poem in this Story? Li Shangyin's Poetry, Contemporary Chinese Literature, and the Futures of the Past." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 19, 2 (Fall 2007): 71-116.

K'ang, Cho. "A Contradictory Story." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 545-63.

Keyser, Anne Sytske. "Wang Meng's Story 'Hard Thin Gruel': A Socio-Political Satire." China Information 7, 2 (Autumn 1992): 1-11.

Larson, Wendy. "Wang Meng's Buli (Bolshevik salute): Chinese Modernism and Negative Intellectual Identity." In Bolshevik Salute: A Modernist Chinese Novel. Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1989, 133-54.

Lin, Min and Maria Galikowski. "Wang Meng's 'Hard Porridge' and the Paradox of Reform in China." In Min Lin and Maria Galikowski, The Search for Modernity: Chinese Intellectuals and Cultural Discourse in the Post-Mao Era. NY: St. Martin's Press, 1999, 71-88.

Liu, Shao-t'ang and Ts'ung Wei-hsi. "Writing the Truth: The Essence of Socialist Realism." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 523-26.

Martin, Helmut. "Painful Encounter: Wang Meng's Novel Hsiang chien shih nan and the 'Foreign Theme' in Contemporary Chinese Literature." In Yu-ming Shaw, ed., China and Europe in the Twentieth Century. Taipei: Institute of International Relations, National Chengchi University 1986, 32-42.

Shao, Yen-hsiang. "Curing Sickness with Bitter Medicine." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 527-32.

Song, Mingwei. "The Taming of the Youth: Discourse, Politics, and Fictional Representation in the Early PRC." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 9, 2 (July 2009): 108-38. [deals in part with Long Live Youth]

Tay, William. "Wang Meng, Stream-of-consciousness, and the Controversy over Modernism." Modern Chinese Literature 1, 1 (1984): 7-24.

-----. "Modernism and Socialist Realism: The Case of Wang Meng." World Literature Today 65, 3 (1991): 411-13.

Tung, Timothy. "Porridge and the Law: Wang Meng Sues." Human Rights Tribune 3, 1 (Spring 1992).

Wanger, Rudolf. Inside the Service Trade: Studies in Contemporary Chinese Prose. Cambridge: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1992, 193-212, 481-531. [deals with "A Young Man Who Only Recently Joined the Organization Dept." and "The Loyal Heart"]

Williams, Philip. "Stylistic Variety in a PRC Writer: Wang Meng's Fiction of the 1979-1980 Cultural Thaw." Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs 11 (1984): 59-80.

Yang, Gladys. "Wang Meng and his Fiction." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 238-45.

Zha, Peide. "Stream of Consciousness Narration in Contemporary Chinese Fiction: A Case Study of Wang Meng." B.C. Asian Review 3/4 (1990).

Zhang Dening and Jing Yi. "Open Our Hearts to the Panoramic World: An Interview with Wang Meng." Chinese Literature (Spring 1999): 5-24.

Wang Peigong
Conceison, Claire. "A Cruel World: Boundary-Crossing and Exile in the Great Going Abroad." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernity in Chinese Literature. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 121-40.

Moran, Thomas. "Down from the Mountains, Back from the Villages; Wang Peigong's WM." MA Thesis. Cornell University, 1988.

Vittinghoff, Natascha. "China’s Generation X: Rusticated Red Guards in Controversial Contemporary Plays." In Woei Lian Chong, ed., China’s Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution: Master Narratives and Post-Mao Counternarratives. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002, 285-318. [discusses Sha Yexin’s New Sprouts from the Borderlands, Wang Peigong’s We, and Xun Pinli’s Yesterday’s Longan Trees]

Wang Qimei
Liu, Joyce C. "Re-staging Cultural Memories in Contemporary Theatre in Taiwan: Wang Qimei, Stanley Lai, and Lin Huaimin." In Steven Totosy de Zepetnek and Jennifer W. Jay, eds., East Asian Cultural and Historical Perspectives: Histories and Society, Culture and Literatures. Edmonton: Research Institute for Comparative Literature and Cross-Cultural Studies, University of Alberta, 1997, 267-78.

Wang Ruoshui
Transcript of the Symposium in Honor of Wang Ruoshui (Fairbank Center, Harvard University, May 16, 2002)

Wang Ruoshui [website devoted to the late writer; includes a resume, obituary, writings in English and Chinese, photographs, etc.]


Wang Ruowang
Chou Yu-sun. "Liu Pin-yen and Wang Jo-wang." Issues and Studies 23, 5 (May 1987): 48-62.

I, Ch'uen. "Wang Jo-wang's Tactics in Attacking the Party and Socialism." In Hualing Nieh, ed. and co-trans., Literature of the Hundred Flowers Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia University Press, 1981, 380-88.

Mahoney, Alysoun. "The Story of Wang Ruowang." Human Rights Tribune 2, 6 (Feb. 1991): 16-17.

Rubin, Kyna. "An Interview with Wang Ruowang." The China Quarerly 87 (Spet. 1981): 25-40.

-----. "Keeper of the Flame: Wang Ruowang as Moral Critic of the State." In Merle Goldman, Timothy Cheek, Carol Lee Hamrin, eds., China's Intellectuals and The State: In Search of a New Relationship. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard UP, 1987, 233-52.

Schnell, Orville. Discos and Democracy. NY: Pantheon, 1988, 162-76.


Wang Shiwei
Cheek, Timothy. "The Fading of Wild Lilies: Wang Shiwei and Mao Zedong's Yan'an Talks in the First CCP Rectification Movement." Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs 11 (1984): 25-58.

Dai, Qing. Wang Shiwei and 'Wild Lilies': Rectification and Purges in the Chinese Communist Party, 1942-1944. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1994.


Wang Shuo
Barme, Geremie. "Wang Shuo and Liumang ('Hooligan') Culture." The Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs 28 (1992): 23-66.

-----. "The Apotheosis of the Liumang." In Barme, In the Red: On Contemporary Chinese Culture. NY: Columbia UP, 1999, 62-98.

Braester, Yomi. "Memory at a Standstill: From Maohistory to Hooligan History." In Braester, Witness Against History: Literature, Film, and Public Discourse in Twentieth-Century China. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2003, 192-205.

Chen, Helen H. "From Sentimental Trilogy to Gangster Trilogy: Moral Dilemmas in a Cultural Crisis." American Journal of Chinese Studies 8, 1 (April 2001): 57-90.

Gee, Alison Dakota and Anne Naham. "Wang Shuo: The Outsider." Asiaweek (Aug. 8, 1996).

Huang, Yibing. “’Vicious Animals’: Wang Shuo and Negotiated Nostalgia for History.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 2 (2002): 81-102.

-----. "Wang Shuo: Playing for Thrills in the Era of Reform, or, A Genealogy of the Present." In Huang, Contemporary Chinese Literature: From the Cultural Revolution to the Future. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

Huot, Claire. "Away from Literature I: Words Turned On." In Huot, China's New Cultural Scene: A Handbook of Changes. Durham: Duke University Press, 2000, 49-71.

James, Jamie. "Bad Boy: Why China's Most Popular Novelist Won't Go Away." New Yorker (Apr. 21, 1997): 50-53.

Kuoshu, Harry H. "Filming Marginal Youth: The 'Beyond' Syndrome in the Postsocialist City." In Harry Kuoshu, Lightness of Being in China: Adaptation and Discursive Figuration in Cinema and Theater. NY: Peter Lang, 1999, 123-52. [deals in part with film adaptations of Wang's novels]

McClellan, Tommy. "Urban Alienation and Urban Culture in the Fiction of Wang Shuo and Chi Li." In Papers from the XIII EACS Conference: The Spirit of the Metropolis, Universitá degli Studi di Torino, 2000. Turin, 2002 [CD-ROM, ISBN 88-900888-0-X].

Noble, Jonathan. "Wang Shuo and the Commercialization of Literature." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 598-603.

Rojas, Carlos. "Wang Shuo and the Chinese Image/inary: Visual Simulacra and the Writing of History." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 3, 1 (July 1999): 23-57.

-----. "Wang Shuo and Historical Portraiture." In Rojas, The Naked Gaze: Reflections on Chinese Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, 244-73.

-----. "Authorial Afterlives and Apocrypha in 1990s Chinese Fiction." In Carlos Rojas and Eileen Cheng-yin Chow, eds., Rethinking Chinese Popular Culture: Cannibalizations of the Canon. NY: Routledge, 2009, 262-82.

Shu, Yunzhong. "Different Strategies of Self-Confirmation: Wang Shuo's Appeal to His Readers." Tamkang Review 29, 3 (Spring 1999): 111-26.

Wang, Jing. "Wang Shuo: Pop Goes the Culture." In Wang, High Culture Fever: Politics, Aesthetics, and Ideology in Deng's China. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997, 261-86.

Wu, Jin. The Voices of Revolt: Zhang Chengzhi, Wang Shuo and Wang Xiaobo. Ph.D. diss. Eugene: University of Oregon, 2005.

Yao, Yusheng. "The Elite Class Background of Wang Shuo and His Hooligan Characters." Modern China 30, 4 (Oct. 2004): 431-469.

Abstract: The Cultural Revolution provided a unique environment for children of the political elite to develop a new kind of hooliganism and a youth counterculture that contradicted Mao's aim to empower them for making revolution. The author challenges a view commonly held by Western commentators and scholars that Wang Shuo is a writer of common man fiction by highlighting the aristocratic background of his Cultural Revolution-era hooligan characters. In the post-Mao era, these former aristocratic youth hooligans tried to adapt to the new environment of growing commercialism and materialism. Some successfully joined the new elite through legal or illegal means, while those who failed to do so became marginalized and even impoverished. The author argues that it was the latter who felt the need to develop to perfection the skill of fast talk and an irreverent, knowing, and playful attitude, which helped them to maintain a sense of superiority. Glorified byWang Shuo in his stories and commentary, the hooligan characters captured the imagination of many Chinese, especially the younger generations who feel marginalized and alienated, by legitimizing their desires and frustrations and by subverting the dominant ideology and culture.

Wang Tao
Cohen, Paul A. Between Tradition and Modernity: Wang T'ao and Reform in Late Qing China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1974.

Lu, Hsiao-peng. "Waking to Modernity: The Classical Tale in Late-Qing China." New Literary History 34, 4 (Autumn 2003): 745-760.

Yeh, Catherine Vance. “The Life-Style of Four Wenren in Late Qing Shanghai.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 57, 1 (1997): 419-70. [deals with Wang Tao, Chen Jitong, Zeng Pu, and Jin Songcen]

Wang Tongzhao
Fu, Po-shek. "Wang Tongzhao and the Idea of Resistance Enlightenment: Symbolic Resistance in Occupied China, 1937-1945." Modern Chinese Literature 5, 2 (1989): 219-46.

-----. "Passivity: Wang Tongzhao and the Ideal of Resistance Enlightenment." In Fu, Passivity, Resistance, and Collaboration: Intellectual Choices in Occupied Shanghai, 1937-1945. Stanford: SUP, 1993, 21-67.


Wang Wenxing
"Bibliography of Wang Wen-hsing's Works." In Shu-ning Sciban and Fred Edwards, eds., Endless War: Fiction and Essays by Wang Wen-hsing. Ithaca, NY: Cornell East Asian Program, Cornell University, 2011.

Chang, Han-liang. "Graphemics and Novel Interpretation: The Case of Wang Wen-hsing." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 133-56.

Chang, Yvonne Sung-Sheng. "Language, Narrative and Stream of Consciousness: The two novels of Wang Wen-hsing." Modern Chinese Literature 1, 1 (1984): 43-56.

-----. "Wang Wenxing's Backed Against the Sea, Parts I and II: The Meaning of Modernism in Taiwang's Contemporary Literature." In David Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 156-79.

Chen, Li-fen. Fictionality and Reality in Narrative Discourse: A Reading of Four Contemporary Taiwanese Writers. Ph. D. diss. Seattle: University of Washington, 2000.[chapters on Ch'en Ying-chen, Ch'i-Teng Sheng, Wang Chen-ho, and Wang Wen-hsing; available through Dissertation.com]

Cheung, Sally J.S. Kao. "Chia-Pien: A 'Revolutionary' Chinese Novel of Today." Fu Jen Studies 11 (1978): 1-12.

"Chronology of Wang Wen-hsing's Life." In Shu-ning Sciban and Fred Edwards, eds., Endless War: Fiction and Essays by Wang Wen-hsing. Ithaca, NY: Cornell East Asian Program, Cornell University, 2011.

Gunn, Edward. "The Process of Wang Wen-hsing's Art." Modern Chinese Literature 1, 1 (1984): 29-42.

Lupke, Christopher. "Wang Wenxing and the 'Loss' of China." Boundary 2. Special Issue ed. Rey Chow. 25, 2 (Fall 1998): 97-128.

Sciban, Shu-ning. Wang Wenxing's Poetic Language. Ph.d. diss. University of Toronto, 1995.

-----. "Introduction: Wang Wen-hsing's Life and Works." In Shu-ning Sciban and Fred Edwards, eds., Endless War: Fiction and Essays by Wang Wen-hsing. Ithaca, NY: Cornell East Asian Program, Cornell University, 2011.

Shan, Te-hsing. "Wang Wen-hsing on Wang Wen-hsing." Modern Chinese Literature 1, 1 (1984): 57-66.

-----. "The Stream of Consciousness Technique in Wang Wen-hsing's Fiction." Tamkang Review 15, 1-4 (1984-85): 523-45.

Shu, James C.T. "Iconoclasm in Wang Wen-hsing's Chia-pien." In Jeannette L. Faurot, ed., Chinese Fiction from Taiwan: Critical Perspectives. Bloomington: IUP, 1980, 179-93.

-----. "Iconoclasm in Taiwan Literature: 'A Change in the Family.'" Chinese Literature Essays Articles and Reviews 2, 1 (1980): 73-85.

Wang Xiaobo
Huang, Yibing. "Wang Xiaobo: From "Golden Age" to "Silver Age," or, Writing Against the Gravity of History." In Huang, Contemporary Chinese Literature: From the Cultural Revolution to the Future. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

Larson, Wendy. “Okay, Whatever: Intellectuals, Sex, and Time in Wang Xiaobo’s The Golden Years,” The China Review: An Interdisciplinary Journal on Greater China 3, 1 (Spring 2003), 29-56. Also published as “L’indifférance, les intellectuals, le sexe et le temps dans L’Âge d’or de Wang Xiaobo,” Écrit au présent: Débats littéraires franco-chinois, ed. Annie Curien, Éditions de la Maison des sciences de l’homme, Paris, 2004.

[Abstract: Wang Xiaobo’s fiction has amazed and impressed critics, who find in it a powerful if sometimes bizarre model of the intellectual under state power. This kind of intellectual is high-lighted in Wang’s award-winning novel The Golden Years, where the ubiquitous Wang Er is living as an educated youth who like many others has been sent down to the countryside. Central to his character is an unemotional emphasis on sexual pleasure that through sensitive appreciation, slight melancholy, and a sense of fatefulness differentiates itself from the more cynical and alienated hedonism common in fiction that overtly criticizes capitalist consumerism. Also part of this stance is a rejection of ordinary ways of understanding history, and a focus on time as experienced subjectively and through reflective memory. Wang Er emerges neither as an example of collective socialist identity, nor as a contemporary capitalist subject formed through a psychologized, angst-laden personality. Overall, Wang Xiaobo’s writing avoids revolutionary passion while disregarding market enthusiasm, in the process gently mocking revolutionary strategies of self-identity such as confession and personal accounting and putting in their place a covertly philosophical and aesthetic approach to life.]

-----. "The Spirit of the Countryside: Mang Ke's Wild Things and Wang Xiaobo's The Golden Years." In Larson, From Ah Q to Lei Feng: Freud and Revolutionary Spirit in 20th Century China. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2009, 115-54.

-----. "Review of Wang in Love and Bondage: Three Novellas by Wang Xiaobo." Trs. Hongling Zhang and Jason Sommer. (Albany: SUNY Press, 2007). MCLC Resource Center (Dec. 2007).

Lin, Qingxin. "History, Fiction, and Metafiction." In Brushing History Against the Grain: Reading the Chinese New Historical. Fiction (1986-1999). HK: Hong Kong UP, 2005, 175-205.

Ma, Yue. "Wang Xiaobo: The Double Temptation of Revolution and Sexual Allurement." Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies 31, 2 (July 2005): 201-25.

Qin, Liyan. "The Sublime and the Profane: A Comparative Analysis of Two Fictional Narratives about Sent-down Youth." In Joseph Esherick, Paul Pickowicz, Andrew Walder, eds., The Chinese Cultural Revolution as History. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2006, 240-66. [compares Liang Xiaosheng's Snowstorm Tonight and Wang Xiaobo's The Golden Age]

Shi, Anbin. "Body Writing and Corporeal Feminism: Reconstructing Gender Identity in Contemporary China." In Shi, A Comparative Approach to Redefining Chinese-ness in the Era of Globalization. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Press, 2003, 129-206. [part of this chapter deals with Wang's story "East Palace, West Palace," which was the basis for Zhang Yuan's film of the same name]

Veg, Sebastian. "Utopian Fiction and Critical Examination: The Cultural Revolution in Wang Xiaobo's 'The Golden Age.'" China Perpectives 4 (2007): 75-87.

Wang Xiaobo.com [website devoted to the writer Wang Xiaobo, with texts, etc.]

Wu, Jin. The Voices of Revolt: Zhang Chengzhi, Wang Shuo and Wang Xiaobo. Ph.D. diss. Eugene: University of Oregon, 2005.

Wang Xiezhu
Wagner, Rudolf. The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 314-17. [deals with "Tang Wang na jian" (Tang Emperor Accepts Remonstrance)]

Wang Yuewen
Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "Anticorruption by Indirection: Wang Yuewen's National Portrait." In In Kinkley, Corruption and Realism in Late Socialist China. Palo Alto: Stanford UP, 2007, 104-24. [Publisher's blurb]

Wang Zengqi
Curien, Annie. "Traditions d'actualité dan l'oeuvre de Wang Zengqi." In La Littèrature chinoise contemporaine, tradition et modernité: colloque d'Aix-en-Provence, le 8 juin 1988. Aix-en-Provence: Publications de l'Université de Provence, 1989, 19-22.

Day, Steven. "Wang Zengqi." Dictionary of Literary Biography: Chinese Fiction Writers, 1949-2000. Ed. Thomas Moran. Bruccoli, Clark, Layman (forthcoming).

FitzGerald, Carolyn. "Imaginary Sites of Memory: Wang Zengqi and Post-Mao Reconstructions of the Native Land." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 20, 1 (Spring 2008): 72-128


Wang Zhenhe
Chen, Li-fen. Fictionality and Reality in Narrative Discourse: A Reading of Four Contemporary Taiwanese Writers. Ph. D. diss. Seattle: University of Washington, 2000.[chapters on Ch'en Ying-chen, Ch'i-Teng Sheng, Wang Chen-ho, and Wang Wen-hsing; available through Dissertation.com]

Chen, Ya-chen. "Taiwan Rose, I Love You: A Dialogue with Japan and Vietnam." In Christina Neder and Ines Susanne Schilling, eds., Transformation! Innovation? Perspectives on Taiwan Culture.Wiesbaden, Germany: Harrassowitz, 2003, 196-202.

Huang, I-min. "A Postmodern Reading of Rose, Rose I Love You." Tamkang Review 17, 1 (1986): 27-45.

Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "Mandarin Kitsch and Taiwanese Kitsch in the Fiction of Wang Chen-ho." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 85-114.

Yang, Robert Yi. "Form and Tone in Wang Chen-ho's Satires." In Jeannette L. Faurot, ed., Chinese Fiction from Taiwan. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1980, 134-47.

Wei Hui
Cowley, Jason. "Bridget Jones with Blow Jobs." (interview with Chinese novelist Zhou Wei Hui). New Statesman (July 23, 2001).

Hillenbrand, Margaret. "Murakami Haruki in Greater China: Creative Responses and the Quest for Cosmopolitanism." Journal of Asian Studies 68, 3 (2009): 715-747. [deals in part with Wei Hui's fiction]

Knight, Sabina. "Self-Ownership and Capitalist Values in 1990s Chinese Fiction." In Knight, The Heart of Time: Moral Agency in Twentieth-Century Chinese Fiction. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2006, 222-58. [deals in part with Shanghai Baby]

-----. "Shanghai Cosmopolitan: Class, Gender and Cultural Citizenship in Weihui's Shanghai Babe." Journal of Contemporary China 12.37 (2003): 639-653. Rpt. in Jie Lu, ed., China's Literary and Cultural Scene at the Turn of the 21st Century. NY: Routledge, 2008, 43-58.

Kuoshu, Harry. "Shanghai Baby, Chinese Xiaozi, and 'Pirated' Lifestyels in the Age of Globalization." Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies 31, 2 (July 2005): 85-100.

Lu, Hongwei. "Body-Writing: Shanghai Baby's Love Affair with Transnational Capitalism." Chinese Literature Today (Summer 2010): 39-44.

Lyne, Sandra. "Consuming Madame Chrysanthème: Loti's 'dolls' to Shanghai Baby." Intersections 8 (Oct. 2002).

Shang Baby website [with interviews and short essays)

Shao Yanjun. "A Study of the Phenomenon of 'Pretty Women's Writing': Weihui, Mianmian, Chunshu." Wasafiri 55 (2008): 13-18.

Shen, Yuanfang. "Sexuality in East-West Encounters: Shanghai Baby and Mistaken Love." HECATE, an interdisciplinary journal of women's liberation 27, 2 (2001): 97-105.

Shi, Anbin. "Body Writing and Corporeal Feminism: Reconstructing Gender Identity in Contemporary China." In Shi, A Comparative Approach to Redefining Chinese-ness in the Era of Globalization. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Press, 2003, 129-206. [much of this chapter deals with Shanghai Baby (aka Shanghai Jewel)]

Weber, Ian. "Shanghai Baby: Negotiating Youth Self-Identity in Urban China." Social Identities 8, 2 (2002): 347-368.

Zhong, Xueping. "Who Is a Feminist? Understanding the Ambivalence towards Shanghai Baby, 'Body Writing' and Feminism in Post-Women's Liberation China." Gender & History 18, 3 (Nov. 2006): 635-660.

Wei Minglun
Braester, Yomi. "Rewriting Tradition, Misreading History: Twentieth-Century (Sub)versions of Pan Jinlian's Story." In Braester, Witness Against History: Literature, Film, and Public Discourse in Twentieth-Century China. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2003, 56-80. [deals with Wei Minglun's Pan Jinlian, as well as Ouyang Yuqian's play of the same title]

 
Wen Yiduo
Hoffmann, Peter, ed. Poet, Scholar, Patriot: In Honour of Wen Yiduo's 100th Anniversary. Bochum / Freiburg: Projektverlag, 2004.

Hsu, Kai-yu. "The Life and Poetry of Wen I-to." Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 21. (Dec., 1958): 134-79.

-----. Wen I-to. Boston: Twayne, 1980.

McClellan, T. M. "Wen Yiduo's 'Sishui' Metre: Themes, Variations and a Classic Variation." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews 21 (1999): 151-67 . [available on Project MUSE]

Olney, Charles V. "The Chinese Poet Wen I-to." Journal of Oriental Literature, 7 (1966); 8-17.

Uberoi, Patricia. "Rhythmic Techniques in the Poetry of Wen I-to." United College Journal 6 (1967-68): 1-25.

van Crevel, Maghiel. "Who Needs Form? Wen Yiduo's Poetics and Post-Mao Poetry." In Peter Hoffmann, ed, Poet, Scholar, Patriot: In Honour of Wen Yiduo's 100th Anniversary. Bochum / Freiburg: Projektverlag, 2004, 81-110.

Wong, Wang-chi. "'I am a Prisoner in Exile': Wen Yiduo in the United States." In Gregory Lee, ed., Chinese Writing and Exile. Chicago: Center for East Asian Studies, The University of Chicago, 1993, 19-34.

Wong Bikwan (See Huang Biyun)

Wu Han
Ansley, Clive.The Heresy of Wu Han: His Play 'Hai Rui's Dismissal and its Role in China's Cultural Revolution. Toronto: UT Press, 1971.

Fisher, Tom. "'The Play's the Thing': Wu Han and Hai Rui Revisited." In J. Unger, ed., Using the Past to Serve the Present: Historiography and Politics in Contemporary China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1993, 9-45. Originally published: Australian Journal of Chinese Affairs 7 (1982).

-----. "Wu Han, the Cultural Revolution, and the Biography of Zhu Yuanzhang: An Introduction." Ming Studies 11 (1980): 33-43.

Mazur, Mary Gale. “Studying Wu Han: The Political Academic.” Republican China 15, 2 (1990): 17-39.

-----. Wu Han, Historian: Son of China's Times. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2009.

[Abstract: This biography spotlights the life of a key Chinese intellectual, Wu Han, well known in China as a major twentieth-century historian and democratic political figure. World attention was drawn to Wu in the mid-1960s as the first of Mao Zedong's targets in the Cultural Revolution. The biography locates Wu in the rapid changes in the social and political environment of his times, from the early years of the twentieth century until his death in prison in 1969. With Wu Han's life as the focus, the narrative deals with the momentous changes in Chinese society and government during the last century. Mazur bases the biographical account on extensive interviewing in China, and penetrates a great deal deeper than the conventional conception of the shift from Nationalist to Communist regimes in the PRC. ]

Pusey, James Reeve. Wu Han: Attacking the Present Through the Past. Cambridge: East Asian Research Center, Harvard University, 1969.

Wagner, Rudolf. The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 289-302. [deals with "Hai Rui baguan"]

Wu Jiwen
Rojas, Carols. “The Ruins of Representation in the Fiction of Wu Jiwen.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 1 (2001): 29-64.


Wu Mi
Ong, Chang Woei. "On Wu Mi's Conservativism." Humanitas 12, 1 (1999). 9).

Wu Mingshi (Pu Ning)
Bu Shaofu, ed. Wumingshi yanjiu (Research on Wumingshi). HK: Xinwen tiandi, 1981.

Rojas, Carlos. "Wu Mingshi (Bu Baonan)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 228-34.

-----. "Wumingshi and Pictorial Fetishism." In Rojas, The Naked Gaze: Reflections on Chinese Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, 111-35.

Rosenmeier, Christopher John. Shanghai Avant-garde: The Fiction of Shi Zhecun, Mu Shiying, Xu Xu, and Wumingshi. Ph. D. diss. London: University of London, 2006.

Wu Mingshi. "Prologue: The Secret of the Cave." In Pu Ning, Red in Tooth and Claw: Twenty-Six Years in Communist Chinese Prisons. Tr. Tung Chung-hsuan. NY: Grove, 1994, xxv-xxvii.

Wu Qiang
Li, Peter. "War and Modernity in Chinese Military Fiction." Society 34, 5 (July 1997): 77-89. [deals in part with Du Pengcheng's Defend Yan'an and Wu Qiang's Red Sun]

Wu Sheng
Lin, Julia. "Wu Sheng: A Poet of the Soul." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 134-49.

Wu Shutian
Findeisen, Raoul. “Un couple de ‘litteratuers’: Wu Shutian et Zhang Yiping.” In Jean-Louis Boully, ed., Ouvrages en langue chinoise de l’Institut franco-chinois de Lyon, 1921-1946. Lyon: Bibliotheque municipale de Lyon, nd., xxlii-lx.

Wu Wenguang
Salter, Denis. "China's Theatre of Dissent: A Conversation with Mou Sen and Wu Wenguang." Asian Theatre Journal 13, 2 (1996): 218-22.

Wu Woyao (or Wu Jianren)
Egan, Michael. "Characterization in Sea of Woe." In Milena Dolezelova-Velingerova, ed., The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980, 165-76.

Hanan, Patrick. "Introduction." In The Sea of Regret: Two Turn of the Century Chinese Romantic Novels. Trs. Patrick Hanan. Honolulu: University of Hawii Press, 1995, 1-17.

-----. "Wu Jianren and the Narrator." In Hanan, Chinese Fiction of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. NY: Columbia UP, 2004.

-----. "Specific Literary Relations of Sea of Regret." In Hanan, Chinese Fiction of the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries. NY: Columbia UP, 2004.

Huters, Theodore. "The Shattered Mirror: Wu Jianren and the Reflection of Strange Events." In Huters, et. al., eds., Culture and State in Chinese History: Conventions, Accomodations, and Critiques. Stanford: Stanford UP, 277-99.

-----. "Wu Jianren: Engaging the World." In Huters, Bringing the World Home: Appropriating the West in Late Qing and Early Republican China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2005, 123-50.

-----. "Melding East and West: Wu Jianren's New Story of the Stone." In Huters, Bringing the World Home: Appropriating the West in Late Qing and Early Republican China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2005, 151-73.

-----. "Wu Jianren (Wo Foshanren)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 212-19.

Tang, Xiaobing. "Trauma and Passion in The Sea of Regret: The Ambiguous Beginnings of Modern Chinese Literature." In Tang, Chinese Modern: The Heroic and the Quotidian. Durham: Duke UP, 2000, 11-48.

Wei Shaochang, ed. Wu Jianren yanjiu ziliao (Research materials on Wu Jianren). Shanghai: Shanghai guji, 1980.

Wu Xinghua
Hockx, Michel. "Wu Xinghua, the Poetics of new Poetry, and the Taiwanese Poetry Scene of the 1950s." In Christina Neder et al. eds., China in Seinen Biographischen Dimension: Gedenkscrift fur Helmut Martin. Weisbaden: Harrossowitz Verlag, 2001, 313-30.

Wu Ying
Smith, Norman. "Regulating Chinese Women's Sexuality During the Japanese Occupation of Manchuria: Between the Lines of Wu Ying's "Yu" (Lust) and Yang Xu's Wo de Riji (My Diary)." Journal of the History of Sexuality 13, 1 (Jan. 2004): 49-70.

Wu Yu
Stapelton, Kristin. "Generational and Cultural Fissures in the May Fourth Movement: Wu Yu (1872-1949) and the Politics of Family Reform." In Kai-wing Chow, Tze-ki Hon, Hung-yok Ip, and Don Price, eds., Beyond the May Fourth Paradigm: In Search of Chinese Modernity. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2008.

Wu Zhuoliu (Wu Cho-liu)
Chien, I-ming. "The Eyes of an Orphan: Gazing at the Self and Imagining the Other in the Travel Diaries of Wu Choliu." Taiwan Literature, English Translation Series 15 (2004): 199-239.

Gescher, Christa. 'Taiwanbewusstsein' versus 'Chinabewusstsein': Der Taiwanische Schrifsteller Wu Choliu (1900-1976) in Speiger der Literaturkritik. Dortmund: Projekt Verlag, 1997.

Liao, Ping-hui. "Travel in Early-Twentieth-Century Asia: On Wu Zhuoliu’s “Nanking Journals” and His Notion of Taiwan’s Alternative Modernity." In David Der-wei Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 285-300.

Scruggs, Bert. "Identity and Free Will in Colonial Taiwan Fiction: Wu Zhuoliu’s 'The Doctor’s Mother' and Wang Changxiong’s 'Torrent.'" Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 16, 2 (Fall 2004): 160-83.

Tu, K. C.. "Foreword: Lai Ho, Wu Cho-liu, and Taiwan Literature." Taiwan Literature English Translation Series 15 (2004): xix-xxx.

Wu Zuxiang
Campbell, Catherine. "Political Transformation in Wu Zuxiang's Wartime Novel Shanhong." Modern Chinese Literature 5, 2 (1989): 293-324.

Hsia, C.T. "Wu Tsu-hsiang." In C.T. Hsia. A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 281-87.

Tang Yuan. Wu Zuxiang zuoping xinshang (An appreciation of the works of Wu Zuxiang). Nanning: Guangxi renmin, 1986.

Williams, Philip. Village Echoes: The Fiction of Wu Zuxiang. Boulder: Westview, 1993.

Williams, Philip F. "20th-Century Iconoclasm in a Classical Tragedy: Wu Zuxiang's 'Fan Hamlet.'" Republican China 18, 1 (1993): 1-22.

-----. "Wu Zuxiang." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 220-27.


Wuhe
Bachner, Andrea. "Graphic Germs: Mediality, Virulence, Chinese Writing." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 23, 1 (Spring 2011): 197-225.

Payne, Christopher Neil. "Opening Doors: Countermemory in Wuhe's Early Short Stories." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 20, 1 (Spring 2008): 173-217.

Xi Chuan
Van Crevel, Maghiel. "Xi Chuan's 'Salute': Avante-Garde Poetry in a Changing China." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 11, 2 (Fall 1999): 107-49. Expanded and revised as "Mind over Matter, Matter over Mind: Xi Chuan." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 187-221.

-----. "Fringe Poetry, But Not Prose: Works by Xi Chuan and Yu Jian." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 3, 2 (Jan. 2000): 7-42. Revised as "Fringe Poetry, But Not Prose: Xi Chuan and Yu Jian." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 223-246.

-----. "Mind Over Matter: On Xi Chuan's Poetry." The Drunken Boat (Spring/Summer 2006).

-----. " Not at Face Value: Xi Chuan's Explicit Poetics."Iin Olga Lomova ed., Recarving the Dragon: Understanding Chinese Poetics. Prague: Karolinum Press, Charles University, 327-346. Revised as "Not at Face Value: Xi Chuan's Explicit Poetics." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money, Leiden: Brill, 2008, 345-363.

Hass, Robert. "Two Poets: A Generation after the 'Misty School,' Chinese Poetry Has Come Alive Again." Believer (June 2010).

Klein, Lucas. "Poetry of the Anti-Lyric." Cerise Press 3, 7 (Summer 2011).

-----. Notes on the Mosquito: A Blog on Xi Chuan and Chinese Poetry in English Translation.

Xi Xi
Chan, Stephen C. K. "The Cultural Imaginary of a City: Reading Hong Kong Through Xi Xi." In Pang-yuan Chi and David Wang, eds., Chinese Literature in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century: A Critical Survey. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 2000, 180-92.

Ng, Daisy S. Y. "Xi Xi and Tales of Hong Kong." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 578-83.

Soong, Stephen C. "Made in Hong Kong: A Writer Like Hsi Hsi." Tr. Kwok-kan Tam. Asian Culture Quarterly 14, 4 (Winter 1986): 43-60.

Wong, Kai-chee. "Xi Xi's Serialized Writings: Reminiscences and Rereadings." The Ba-Fang Journal for Literary Arts 12 (1990): 68-80.

Xia Yan
-----. "Dramatizing Xianglin Sao: Light Cast on an Opage Figure." In Harry Kuoshu, Lightness of Being in China: Adaptation and Discursive Figuration in Cinema and Theater. NY: Peter Lang, 1999, 51-70. [in part about Xia Yan's film adaptation of "Zhufu"]

Xia Yu [Hsia Yu]
Lingenfelter, Andrea. "Opposition and Adaptation in the Poetry of Zhai Yongming and Xia Yu." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 105-120.

Marijnissen, Silvia. "'Made Things': Serial Form in Modern Poetry from Taiwan." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 13, 2 (Fall 2001): 172-206.

Parry, Amie Elizabeth. Interventions into Modernist Cultures: Poetry from Beyond the Empty Screen. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2007. [MCLC Resource Center review by Paul Manfredi]

[Abstract: A comparative analysis of the cultural politics of modernist writing in the United States and Taiwan. Parry argues that the two sites of modernism are linked by their representation or suppression of histories of U.S. imperialist expansion, Cold War neocolonial military presence, and economic influence in Asia. Focusing on poetry, a genre often overlooked in postcolonial theory, she contends that the radically fragmented form of modernist poetic texts is particularly well suited to representing U.S. imperialism and neocolonial modernities.]

Yeh, Michelle. "The Feminist Poetic of Xia Yu." Modern Chinese Literature 7, 1 (Spring 1993): 33-60.

Xiang Kairan
Altenburger, Roland. "Xiang Kairan (Pingjiang Buxiaosheng; Buxiaosheng)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 235-40.

Xiao Hong
Dooling, Amy D. "Xiao Hong's Field of Life and Death." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 431-36.

Goldblatt, Howard. Hsiao Hung. Boston: Twayne, 1976.

-----. "Life as Art: Xiao Hong and Autobiography." In Anna Gerstlacher ed., Woman and Literature in China. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1985, 345-63.

Huang, Nicole. "Xiao Hong." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 241-49.

Kalinauskas, Lynn. "The Conflation of Missing Remembrances in Xiao Hong's Fiction." In Steven Totosy de Zepetnek and Jennifer W. Jay, eds., East Asian Cultural and Historical Perspectives: Histories and Society, Culture and Literatures. Edmonton: Research Institute for Comparative Literature and Cross-Cultural Studies, University of Alberta, 1997, 221-39.

Liu, Lydia. "The Female Body and Nationalist Discourse: Manchuria in Xiao Hong's Field of Life and Death." In Angela Zito and T. Barlow, eds. Body, Subject and Power in China. Chicago: UCP, 1994, 157-77.

Luo Binji. Xiao Hong xiao zhuan (Short biography of Xiao Hong). Shanghai: Jianwen shudian, 1947.

Xiao Hong Biography (Pegasos Website, Findland)

Xiao Hong yanjiu (Research on Xiao Hong). Haerbin: Beifang luncong, 1983.

Xiao, Si. "Loneliness among the Mountain Flowers--Xiao Hong in Hong Kong." Tr. Janice Wickeri. Renditions 29/30 (Spring/Aut. 1988): 177-81.

Xu, Jian. "Retrieving the Working Body in Modern Chinese Fiction: The Question of the Ethical in Representation." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 16, 1 (Spring 2004): 115-52. [deals with stories by Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Lao She, and Xiao Hong]

Yue, Gang. "Embodied Spaces of Home: Xiao Hong, Wang Anyi, and Li Ang." In The Mouth that Begs: Hunger, Cannibalism, and the Politics of Eating in Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 293-330.

Xiao Jun
Anderson, Marsten. "The Barred View: On the Enigmatic Narrator in Xiao Jun's 'Goats.'" In Theodore Huters, ed., Reading the Modern Chnese Short Story. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1990, 37-50.

Hsia, C.T. "Communist Fiction, I." In C.T. Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 257-80.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Hsiao Chun." In Leo Ou-fan Lee. The Romantic Generation of Modern Chinese Writers. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973, 222-24.

Liu, Chih-ming. "A Criticism of the Errors of Hsiao Chun and the Cultural Gazette." In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 294-306.

Wagner, Rudolf G. "Xiao Jun's Novel Countryside in August and the Tradition of 'Proletarian Literature'." In La litterature chinoise au temps de la guerre de resistance contre le Japon (de 1937 a 1945). Paris: Editions de la Fondation Singer- Polignac, 1982, 57-66.


Xiao Qian
Huangfu, Jenny. "Roads to Salvation: Shen Congwen, Xiao Qian, and the Problem of Non-Communist Celebrity Writers, 1948-1957." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 22, 2 (Fall 2010): 39-87.

Kinkley, Jeffrey C. “Xiao Qian: Autobiography as Therapy.” In Christina Neder et al. eds., China in Seinen Biographischen Dimension: Gedenkscrift fur Helmut Martin. Weisbaden: Harrossowitz Verlag, 2001, 157-66.

Laurence, Patricia. "In Memorian: Xiao Qian and Dadie Rylands." Virginia Woolf Miscellany (Spring 1999): 2.

Xiao Sa
Wu, Fatima. "From a Dead End to a New Road of Life: Xiao Sa's Abandoned Women." World Literature Today 65, 3 (1991): 427-31.

Xiao Ye (Hsiao Yeh)
Tang, Xiaobing. "The Mirror as History and History as Spectacle: Reflections on Hsiao Yeh and Su T'ung." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 203-20. Rpt. in Chinese Modernism: The Heroic and the Quotidian. Durham: Duke UP, 2000, 225-44.

Xie Bingying (Hsieh Ping-ying)
Fruhauf, Manfred W. “Betrachtunge zu Xie Bingying und ihrer ‘Autobiographie einer Soldatin.’” In Christina Neder et al. eds., China in Seinen Biographischen Dimension: Gedenkscrift fur Helmut Martin. Weisbaden: Harrossowitz Verlag, 2001, 141-56.

Xu Dishan
Hsia, C. T. "Lo Hua-sheng (1893-1941)." In Hsia, History of Modern Chinese Fiction. Third edition. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1999, 84-92.

McComber, Douglas Adran. Hsu Ti-shan and the Search for Identity: Individuals and Families in the Short Stories of Luo Hua-sheng (1894-1941). Ph. D. diss. Berkeley: University of California, 1980.

Riep, Steven. "Religion Reconsidered: Redemption and Women's Emancipation in Xu Dishan's 'The Merchant's Wife' and 'Yuguan.'" Literature and Belief 24, 1-2 (2004): 101-15.

-----. "Xu Dishan (Luo Huasheng)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 250-56.

Robinson, Lewis. "The Stories of Hsi-Ti-shan: Literature and Life." MA thesis. Berkeley: University of California, 1977.

-----. "Yu-kuan: The Spiritual Testament of Hsu Ti-shan." Tamkang Review 8, 2 (1977): 147-68.

Xu Huaizhong
Li, Peter. "War and Modernity in Chinese Military Fiction." Society 34, 5 (July 1997): 77-89. [deals in part with Li Cunbao's Wreath at the Foot of the Mountain and Xu Huaizhong's Anecdotes on the Western Front]

Xu Jinglei
Xu Jinglei's Blog (Sina.com)

Xu Mouyong
Chang, Ch'ing. "Criticism of Hsu Mou-yong's Tsa-wen." In Hualing Nieh, ed. Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Prose. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 332-36.

Xu Xiao
Berry, Michael. "A Conversation with Xu Xiao: Author of 'A May That Will Last Forever." Persimmon 2, 3 (Winter 2002): 56-59.

Xu Xiaohe
Yang, Xiaobin. "Xu Xiaohe: Laughter from Despair." In Yang, The Chinese Postmodern: Trauma and Irony in Chinese Avant-garde Fiction. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002, 111-28.

Xu Xing
Lin, Min and Maria Galikowski. "Absurdity, Senselessness, and Alienation: Xu Xing's Literary Reflections on the Conemporary Human Condition." In Min Lin and Maria Galikowski, The Search for Modernity: Chinese Intellectuals and Cultural Discourse in the Post-Mao Era. NY: St. Martin's Press, 1999, 103-22.

Zha, Peide. "Chinese Modernity in Xu Xing's Prose Fiction." B.C. Asian Review 6 (1992).

Xu Xingzhi
Kuoshu, Harry H. "Visualizing Ah Q: An Allegory's Resistance to Representation." In Harry Kuoshu, Lightness of Being in China: Adaptation and Discursive Figuration in Cinema and Theater. NY: Peter Lang, 1999, 17-49. [deals in part with Xu's play The True Story of Ah Q]

Xu Xu
Chen Xuanbo. Shi yu guang: 20 shiji Zhongguo wenxue shi gejuzhong de Xu Xu (Time and brightness--Xu Xu and twentieth century literary history). Nanchang: Baihuazhou wenyi, 2004.

Green, Frederik H. A Chinese Romantic's Journey through Time and Space: Cosmopolitanism, Nationalism, and Nostalgia in the Work of Xu Xu (1908-1980). Ph. D. diss. New Haven: Yale University, 2009.

[Abstract: This dissertation explores in four topical chapters Xu Xu's pre-war and wartime essays, fiction and drama, as well as his post-war fiction and literary criticism from Hong Kong. Through my reading of Xu Xu's oeuvre, I demonstrate how our understanding of certain aspects central to Chinese modernity is greatly expanded if read within the conceptual framework of literary Romanticism.]

-----. "The Making of a Chinese Romantic: Cosmopolitan Nationalism and Lyrical Exoticism in Xu Xu's Early Travel Writings." Modern Chiense Literature and Culture 23, 2 (Fall 2011): 64-99.

Rosenmeier, Christopher John. Shanghai Avant-garde: The Fiction of Shi Zhecun, Mu Shiying, Xu Xu, and Wumingshi. Ph. D. diss. London: University of London, 2006.

Wang Pu. Yige gudu de jiang gushi ren--Xu Xu xiaoshuo yanjiu (A lonely storyteller: a study of Xu Xu's fiction). Hong Kong: Libo, 2003. 

Xu Yunuo
Hockx, Michel. "Art for whose sake? The poetry of Xu Yunuo and the esthetic principles of Ye Shengtao." In Lloyd Haft, ed., Words from the West: western texts in Chinese literary context: essays to honor Erik Zurcher on his sixty-fifth birthday. Leiden: CNWS Publications, 1993, 5-25.

Xu Zhenya
Chen, Jianhua. "Xu Zhenya." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 257-63.

Hsia, C. T. "Hsu Chen-ya's Yu-li hun: An Essay in Literary History and Criticism." In Ts'un-yan Liu and John Minford eds., Middlebrow Fiction from the Ch'ing and Early Republican Era. HK: Chinese UP, 1984, 199-240.


Xu Zhimo
Birch, Cyril. "English and Chinese Meters in Hsu Chih-mo." Asia Major 8 (1960): 258-93.

-----. "Hsu Chih-mo's Debt to Thomas Hardy." Tamkang Review 8, 1 (1977): 1-24.

Chang, Pang-Mei Natasha. Bound Feet and Western Dress. NY: Doubleday, 1996. [the story of Chang Ruyi, Xu Zhimo's first wife, as told by her great niece]

Findeisen, Raoul David. "Xu Zhimo Dreaming in Sawston (England) - on the Sources of a Venice Poem." Asiatica Venetiana 1 (1996).

-----. "Two Aviators: Gabriele d'Annunzio and Xu Zhimo." In Mabel Lee and Meng Hua, eds., Cultural Dialogue and Misreadings. Sydney: Wild Peony 1997, 75-85.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. The Romantic Generation of Modern Chinese Writers. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1973.

Päusch, Ricarda. Fliegen und Fliehen: Literarische Motive im Werk Hsü Chih-mos. Dortmund 1995,

Schirach, Richard von. Hsu Chih-mo und die Hsin-Yueh Gesellschaft: ein Beitrag zur neuen Literatur Chinas. Munich: Thesis, 1971.

Xu Zhuodai
Rea, Christopher G. "Comedy and Cultural Entrepreneurship in Xu Zhuodai's Huaji Shanghai." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 20, 2 (Fall 2008): 40-91.

Xue Shaohui
Qian, Nanxiu. "Borrowing Foreign Mirrors and Candles to Illuminate Chinese Civilization': Xue Shaohui's Moral Vision in the Biographies of Foreign Women." Nan Nu: Men, Women and Gender in China 6, 1 (2004).

Xun Pinli
Vittinghoff, Natascha. "China’s Generation X: Rusticated Red Guards in Controversial Contemporary Plays." In Woei Lian Chong, ed., China’s Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution: Master Narratives and Post-Mao Counternarratives. Lanham: Rowman and Littlefield, 2002, 285-318. [discusses Sha Yexin’s New Sprouts from the Borderlands, Wang Peigong’s We, and Xun Pinli’s Yesterday’s Longan Trees]

Ya Xian (Ya Hsien)
Lin, Julia. "Ya Hsien: Singer of the Abyss." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens: Ohio University Press, 1985, 27-51.

Riep, Steven. "A War of Wounds: Disability, Disfigurement, and Antiheroic Portrayals of the War of Resistance Against Japan." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 20, 1 (Spring 2008): 129-72. [treats, in part, Ya's poem "The Colonel"]

-----. "The View from the Buckwheat Field: Capturing War in the Poetry of Ya Xian." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 47-64.

Yan Fu
He, Xianbin. "Tanslation as Manipulation: A Case Study of Yan Fu's Rendition of On Liberty." Translatum 5 (2005).

Huang, Ko-wu. "The Reception of Yan Fu in Twentieth-Century China." In Cindy Yik-yi Chu, Ricardo K. S. Mak, eds., China Reconstructs. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 2003, 25-44.

-----. The Meaning of Freedom: Yan Fu and the Origins of Chinese Liberalism. HK: Chinese University Press, 2007.

Lackner, Michael. “Circumnavigating the Unfamiliar: Dao’an (314-385) and Yan Fu (1852-1921) on Western Grammar.” In Lackner et al. eds., New Terms for New Ideas: Western Knowledge and Lexical China in Late Imperial China. Boston, Koln: Leiden, 2001, 357-69.

Mak, Ricardo K. S. "Dao, Science and Yan Fu." In Cindy Yik-yi Chu, Ricardo K. S. Mak, eds., China Reconstructs. Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 2003, 11-24.

Schwartz, Benjamin I. In Search of Wealth and Power: Yen Fu and the West. Cambridge, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1964.

Yan Geling
Tsai, Hsiu-chih. "Female Sexuality: Its Allurement and Repression in Geling Yan's 'White Snake.'" The American Journal of Semiotics 23, 1-4 (2007): 123-146.

Yan Jun
Cornell, Christen. "Lost in the Supermarket: Interview with Yan Jun." Artspace China (Aug. 27, 2011).

Jiemo riji v.7 [Yan Jun's blog].

van Crevel, Maghiel. "The Poetry of Yan Jun." MCLC Resource Center Publication, 2003. Expanded and revised as "More Than Writing, As We Speak." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 459-474.

-----. (introduction and translation), "Yan Jun." Digital Archive for Chinese Studies DACHS, Leiden Division.

Yan Jun.org [Yan Jun's official website]

Yan Li
Manfredi, Paul. "Yan Li in the Global City." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 145-163.

Standaert, Michael. "Interview with Yan Li." MCLC Resource Center Publication, 2004.

Yan Lianke
Chen, Thomas. "Ridiculing the Golden Age: Subversive Undertones in Yan Lianke's Happy." Chinese Literature Today (Winter/Spring 2011): 66-72.

Guptak, Suman. "Li Rui, Mo Yan, Yan Lianke, and Lin Bai: Four Contemporary Chinese Writers Interviewed." Wasafiri 23, 3 (2008): 28-36.

Leung, Laifong. "Yan Lianke: A Writer's Moral Duty." Chinese Literature Today (Winter/Spring 2011): 73-79.

Liu, Jianmei. "Joining the Commune or Withdrawing from the Commune? A Reading of Yan Lianke's Shouhuo." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 19, 2 (Fall 2007): 1-33.

Tsai, Chien-hsin. "The Museum of Innocence: The Great Leap Forward and Famine, Yan Lianke, and Four Books." MCLC Resource Center Publication (May 2011).

-----. "In Sickness or in Health: Yan Lianke and the Writing of Autoimmunity." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 23, 1 (Spring 2011): 77-104.

Veg, Sebastian. "Yan Lianke, Le Reve du Village des Ding." China Perspectives 1 (2009). [English language review of a French translation of Yan's novel Dream of Ding Village]


Yang Chichang (Yang Ch'ih-ch'ang)
Ch'en, Ming-t'ai. "Modernist Poetry in Prewar Taiwan: Yang Ch'ih-ch'ang, the Feng-ch'e (Le Moulin) Poetry Society, and Japanese Poetic Trends." Tr. Robert Backus. Taiwan Literature English Translation Series 2 (1997): 81-92.

Yang Jiang
Armory, Judith and Shihua Yao. "Yang Jiang and Baptism." In Yang, Baptism. HK: Hong Kong UP, 2007, vi-xii.

Dooling, Amy. "In Search of Laughter: Yang Jiang's Feminist Comedy." Modern Chinese Literature 8, 1/2 (1994): 41-68.

-----. "Outwitting Patriarchy: Comic Narrative Strategies in the Works of Yang Jiang, Su Qing, and Zhang Ailing." In Dooling, Women's Literary Feminism in Twentieth-Century China. NY: Palgrave MacMillan, 2005, 137-70.

Gewurtz, Margo. "The Afterlife of Memory in China: Yang Jiang's Cultural Revolution Memoir." ARIEL, Life Writing in International Contexts Issue 39, 1-2 (2008): 29-45.

Goldblatt, Howard. "The Cultural Revolution and Beyond: Yang Jiang's Six Chapters From My Life 'Down Under'." Modern Chinese Literature Newsletter 6, 2 (1980): 1-11.

Liu, Meizhu. " Yang Jiang et ses traductions." In Isabelle Rabut, ed., Les belles infideles dans l'empire du milieu: Problematique et pratiques de la traduction dans le monde Chinois moderne. Paris: You Feng, 2010, 33-44.

Rea, Christopher. "Yang Jiang's Conspicuous Inconspicuousness: A Centenary Writer in China's 'Prosperous Age.'" China Heritage Quarterly 26 (June 2011).

-----. "'To Thine Own Self Be True': One Hundred Years of Yang Jiang." Renditions 76 (Autumn 2011): 7-14.

Swislocki, Mark. "Chiang Yang." In Steven R. Serafin, ed., Encyclopedia of World Literature in the 20th Century. St. James Press, 1998, vol. 4: 544-545.

-----. "Yang Jiang." In Lily Xiaohong Lee, ed., Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: The Twentieth Century. Armonk: M. E. Sharpe, 2002, 618-622.

Yang Kui (Yang K'uei)
Peng, Hsiao-yen. "Colonialism and the Predicament of Identity: Liu Na'ou and Yang Kui as Men of the World." In Ping-hui Liao and David Der-wei Wang, eds., Taiwan Under Japanese Colonial Rule, 1885-1945: History, Culture, Memory. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006, 210-47.

Scruggs, Bert. "Narratives of Discomfort and Ideology: Yang Kui's Short Fiction and Postcolonial Taiwan Orthodox Boundaries." positions: east asia cultures critique 14, 2 (Fall 2006): 427-47. [Project Muse link]

Yee, Angelina. "Writing the Colonial Self: Yang Kui's Texts of Resistance and National Identity." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, and Reviews 17 (1995): 111-32. [available on Project MUSE]

-----. "Yang Kui." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 264-71

Yang Lian
Cayley, John. "John Cayley with Yang Lian: Hallucination and Coherence." positions: east asia cultures critique 10, 3 (Winter 2002): 773-84.

Edmond, Jacob. "Locating Global Resistance: The Landscape Poetics of Arkadii Dragomoshchenko, Lyn Hejinian and Yang Lian." AUMLA: Journal of the Australasian Universities Language & Literature Association 101 (2004): 71-98.

-----. "Beyond Binaries: Rereading Yang Lian’s 'Norlang' and 'Banpo.'" Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 6, 1 (2005): 152-69.

-----. "Dissidence and Accomodation: The Publishing History of Yang Lian from Today to Today." The China Quar terly 185 (2006): 111-127.

Edmond, Jacob and Hilary Chung. "Yang Lian, Auckland and the Poetics of Exile." In Yang Lian, Unreal City: A Chinese Poet in Auckland. Auckland: Auckland UP, 2006, 1-23.

Golden, Sean and John Minford. "Yang Lian and the Chinese Tradition." In Goldblatt, ed. Worlds Apart: Recent Chinese Writing and its Audiences. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 119-37.

Holton, Brian. "Translating Yang Lian." In Yang Lian, Where the Sea Stands Still: New Poems." Bloodaxe Books, 1999, 173-191.

Lee, Mabel. "Before Tradition: The Book of Changes and Yang Lian's [*] and the Affirmation of the Self Through Poetry." In Mabel Lee and A.D. Syrokomla-Stefanowska, eds., Modernization of the Chinese Past. Sydney: Wild Peony, 1993, 94-106.

-----. "The Philsophy of the Self and Yang Lian." In Yang Lian, Masks and Crocodile. Sydney: Wild Peony, 1990.

Li, Xia. "Swings and Roundabouts: Strategies for Translating Colour Terms in Poetry." Perspectives: Studies in Translatology (Copenhagen). 5, 2, (1997): 257-66. [An essay dealing with the problem of translating modern Chinese poetry by Yang Lian into English].

-----. "Poetry, Reality and Existence in Yang Lian's 'Illusion City.'" Journal of Asian and African Studies (Brastislava) 4, 2 (1995): 149-165.

Tan, Chee-Lay. Constructing a System of Irregularities: The Poetry of Bei Dao, Duoduo and Yang Lian. Ph. D. diss. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 2007.

Van Crevel, Maghiel. "Exile: Yang Lian, Wang Jiaxin and Bei Dao." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money, Leiden: Brill, 2008, 137-186.

Xiang, Chuan. "Differing Views on Yang Lian's Recent Work." Tr. Zhu Zhiyu. Renditions 23 (1985): 164-165.

Yanglian.net [website set up by Yang Liang and Yo Yo]

Yip, Wai-lim. "Crisis Poetry: An Introduction to Yang Lian, Jiang He and Misty Poetry." Renditions 23 (1985): 120-30.


Yang Lingye
Haft, Lloyd. "'The Sound of the Sun's Footsteps': Yang Lingye's 'Sutra Leaves.'" In Findeison and Gassmann, eds., Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern: Peter Lang, 1997.

-----. "Timeless in Time: Perspective-Building Devices in Yang Ling-yeh's Poetry." In Huang Chun-chieh and Erik Zurcher, eds., Time and Space in Chinese Culture. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1995, 287-301.


Yang Mo
Button, Peter. "Aesthetics, Dialects, and Desire in Yang Mo's Song of Youth." positions: east asia cultures critique 14, 1 (Spring 2006): 193-217. [Project Muse link]

-----. "Aesthetics and Desire in Yang Mo's Song of Youth." In Button, Configurations of the Real in Chinese Literary and Aesthetic Modernity. Leiden: Brill, 2009. [MCLC Resource Center Publications review by Thomas Moran]

Hsu, Kai-yu. "Yang Mo (1915- )." In Kai-yu Hsu. The Chinese Literary Scene. NY: Vintage Vooks, 1975, 139-55.

Knight, Sabina. "Moral Decision in Mao-Era Fiction." In The Heart of Time: Moral Agency in Twentieth-Century Chinese Fiction. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2006, 133-161. [deals with Yang Mo's Song of Youth (141-151)]

Song, Mingwei. "The Taming of the Youth: Discourse, Politics, and Fictional Representation in the Early PRC." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 9, 2 (July 2009): 108-38. [deals in part with Song of Youth]

Wang, Ban. "Revolutionary Realism and Revolutionary Romanticism: The Song of Youth." In Joshua Mostow, ed. Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literature. NY: Columbia UP, 2003: 470-75.

-----. The Sublime Figure of History: Aesthetics and Politics in Twentieth-Century China. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1997.

Wu, Yang. "Yang Mo and Her Novel The Song of Youth." Chinese Literature 9 (1962): 111-116.

Zhang, Hong. "Eros and Politics in Revolutionary Literature." In Tao Dongfeng, Yang Xiaobin, Rosemary Roberts, and Yang Ling, eds. Chinese Revolution and Chinese Literature. Cambridge: University of Cambridge Press, 2009, 3-26.

Yang Mu
Marijnissen, Silvia. "'Made Things': Serial Form in Modern Poetry from Taiwan." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 13, 2 (Fall 2001): 172-206.

Wong, Lisa Lai-ming. “Writing Allegory: Diasporic Conciousness as a Mode of Intervention in Yang Mu’s Poetry of the 1970s.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 1 (2001): 1-28.

-----. "(Un)tying a Firm Knot of Ideas: Reading Yang Mu’s The Skeptic." Connotations: A Journal for Critical Debate 12, 2-3 (2002/2003): 292-306.

-----. "Heyuan zhi you? Yang Mu shi zhong de bentu yu shijie (How is it far? the local and the global in Yang Mu's poetry." Zhongwai wenxue (Chung Wai Literary Monthly) 8, 31 (Jan. 2003): 133-60.

-----. "A Thing of Beauty is a Joy Forever: Yang Mu's 'Letters to Keats'." The Keats-Shelley Review (UK) 18 (Sept. 2004): 188-205.

-----. "Epiphany in Echoland: Cross-cultural Intertextuality in Yang Mu’s Poetry and Poetics." Canadian Review of Comparative Literature 31, 1 (March 2004): 27-38.

-----. "Taiwan, China, and Yang Mu’s Alternative to National Narratives." CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture 8, 1 (March 2006). Collected and reprinted in Taiwan Cultural Discourse (Sun Yat-sen Journal of Humanities Series). Eds. Chin-Chuan Cheng, I-Chun Wang, and Steven T?t?sy de Zepetnek. (Kaohsiung: College of Liberal Arts, National Sun Yat-sen University, 2009): 87-107.

-----. "The Making of a Poem: Rainer Maria Rilke, Stephen Spender, and Yang Mu." The Comparatist 31 (2007): 130-147.

-----. Rays of the Searching Sun: The Transcultural Poetics of Yang Mu (No. 23 in New Comparative Poetics Series). Brussels: P. I. E. Peter Lang S. A., 2009.

Yeh, Michelle. "Introduction." In Yang Mu, No Trace of the Gardener: Poems of Yang Mu. Trs. Lawarence Smith and Michelle Yeh. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1998, xii-xxxii.

Yang Qingchu
Gold, Thomas. "The Modernization of Taiwan as Reflected in the Stories of Yang Qingchu." In Gold, ed., Selected Stories of Yang Qingchu. Gaoxiong: Tur-li Publishing, 1978, 1-22.

Yang Shu'an
Ye, Mang. "Yang Shu'an: Discoursing Equally with Sages." Chinese Literature (Autumn 1998).

Yang Shuo
Laughlin, Charles. "Incongruous Lyricism: Liu Baiyu, Yang Shuo and sanwen in Chinese Socialist Culture." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 115-29.

Wang, Ban. "Revolutionary Realism and Revolutonary Romanticism: The Song of Youth." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 470-75.

Yang Xu
Smith, Norman. "'I Am an Ordinary Woman': Yang Xu and the Articulation of Chinese Ideals of Womanhood in Japanese Occupied Manchuria." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 8, 3 (2002): 35-54.

[Yang Xu's (1918- ) second volume of collected works, My Diary (Wo de riji; 1944), articulates the key themes that prevailed in Chinese women's literature in the Japanese colonial state of Manzhouguo. In Manzhouguo, literature was a vital domain for the negotiation of Chinese cultural identities in a Japanese colonial context. This paper seeks to reveal how Yang Xu, like other contemporary Chinese women writers in Manzhouguo, was driven by the May Fourth ideals of women's emancipation that dominated social discourse in the Republic of China during the 1920s to defy the conservative cultural aspirations of the Japanese colonial regime.]

-----. "Regulating Chinese Women's Sexuality During the Japanese Occupation of Manchuria: Between the Lines of Wu Ying's "Yu" (Lust) and Yang Xu's Wo de Riji (My Diary)." Journal of the History of Sexuality 13, 1 (Jan. 2004): 49-70.

Yang Zhao
Yang, Xiaobin. "Telling (Hi)story: Illusory Truth or True Illusion." Tamkang Review 21, 2 (1990): 127-47.

Yang Zhensheng
Lee, Haiyan. "The Other Chinese: Romancing the Folk in May Fourth Native Soil Fiction.” Concentric: Literary and Cultural Studies ( special issue: “Ethics and Ethnicity”) 33, 2 (Sept. 2007): 9-34. [Deals with the works of Yang Zhensheng, Fei Ming, and Shen Congwen.]

Yao Wenyuan
Ragvald, Lars. Yao Wenyuan as a Literary Critic and Theorist: The Emergence of Chinese Zhadanovism.

-----. "Yao Wenyuan on Literary Theory." In Wolfgang Kubin and Rudolf Wagner, eds., Essays in Modern Chinese Literature and Literary Criticism. Bochum: Brokmeyer, 1982, 309-33.


Yao Xueyin
Allito, Guy. "Yao Xueyin and His Li Zicheng." Modern Chinese Literature 2, 2 (1986): 211-16.

Lyell, William. "The Early Fiction of Yao Xueyin." In Wolfgang Kubin and Rudolf Wagner, eds., Essays in Modern Chinese Literature and Literary Criticism. Bochum: Brockmeyer, 1982, 39-58.

Ye Lingfeng
Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Decadent and Dandy: Shao Xunmei and Ye Lingfeng." In Lee, Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930-1945. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1999, 232-66.

Liu, Jianmei. "Shanghai Variations on 'Revolution Plus Love.'" Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 14, 1 (Spring 2002): 51-92. [deals with texts by Shi Zhecun, Liu Na'ou, Mu Shiying, Zhang Ziping, and Ye Lingfeng]

Ye Shengtao (Ye Shaojun)
Anderson, Marsten. "The Specular Self: Subjective and Mimetic Elements in the Fiction of Ye Shaojun." Modern China 15, 1 (Jan. 1989): 72-101.

-----. "Lu Xun, Ye Shaojun, and the Moral Impediments to Realism." In Anderson, The Limits of Realism: Chinese Fiction in the Revolutionary Period. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 76-118.

Chen Liao. Ye Shengtao pingzhuan (Critical biography of Ye Shengtao). Tianjin: Baihua wenyi, 1981.

Hsia, C.T. "Yeh Shao-chun." In C.T. Hsia. A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 57-71.

Kelly, Frank B. "The Writings of Yeh Sheng-t'ao." Ph.D. Dissertation. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1979.

Prusek, Jaroslav. "Yeh Cheng-t'ao and Anton Chekhov." AO 38, 4 (1970): 437-52.

Hockx, Michel. "Art for Whose Sake? The Poetry of Xu Yunuo and the Esthetic Principles of Ye Shengtao." In Lloyd Haft, ed., Words from the West: western texts in Chinese literary context: essays to honor Erik Zurcher on his sixty-fifth birthday. Leiden: CNWS Publications, 1993, 5-25.

Jin Mei. Lun Ye Shengtao de wenxue chuangzuo (On the literary creation of Ye Shengtao). Shanghai: Shanghai wenyi, 1985.

Kubin, Wolfgang. "Der Schreckensmann: Germany Melancholy and Chinese Restlessness: Ye Shengtao's Novel Ni Huanzhi." In Measuring Historical Heat: Event, Performance, and Impact in China and the West: Symposium in Honour of Rudolf G. Wagner on his 60th Birthday. Heidelberg, 2001, 183-90.

Liu, Xinmin. "Ye Shaojun (Ye Shengtao)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 272-81.

Liu Zengren and Feng Guanglian, eds. Ye Shengtao yanjiu ziliao (Research materials on Ye Shengtao). Beijing: Shiyue wenyi, 1988.

Prusek, Jaroslav. "Yeh Shao-chun and Anton Chekhov." In The Lyrical and the Epic: Studies in Modern Chinese Literature. Bloomington: IUP, 1980, 178-94.

Selis, David Joel. "Yeh Shao-chun: A Critical Study of His Fiction, 1919-1944." Ph.D. Diss. Bloomington: Indiana University, 1975.

Ye Shitao (Yeh Shih-t'ao)
Cheng, Pang-chen. "The Journey of an Oneiric Beast, the Memory of an Apostle." Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series 25 (July 2009): 3-8.

Hsu, Chun-ya. "An Inquiry into the Course and Development of the Literary Theory of Yeh Shi-t'ao." Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series 25 (July 2009): 121-40.

Lin, Jenn-Shann and Lois Stanford. "Introduction: The Return to a Humanistic Spirit--Yeh Shih-t'ao and His Literature." Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series 25 (July 2009): xxxvii-lvii.

Peng, Jui-chin. "The Literary Journey of a Creature that Feeds on Dreams: The Creation of Yeh Shi-t'ao's Fiction." Tr. Terence Russell. Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series 25 (July 2009): 9-14.

Tu, Kuo-ch'ing. "Foreword to the Special Issue on Yeh Shih-t'ao." Taiwan Literature: English Translation Series 25 (July 2009): xiii-xviii.

Ye Si
Yip, Terry Siu-han. "Place, Gender and Identity: The Global-Local Interplay in Three Stories from China, Taiwan and Hong Kong." In Kwok-kan Tam et al., eds., Sights of Contestation: Localism, Globalism and Cultural Production in Asia and the Pacific. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2002, 17-34. [deals with stories by Tie Ning, Zhang Xiguo (Chang Shi-kuo), and Ye Si]

Ye Weilian
Lin, Julia. "Yip Wai-lim: A Poet of Exile." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 110-33.

Ye Zhaoyan
Berry, Michael. "A Tale of Two Cities: Romance, Revenge, and Nostalgia in Two Fin-de-Siecne Novels by Ye Zhaoyan and Zhang Beihai." In Carlos Rojas and Eileen Cheng-yin Chow, eds., Rethinking Chinese Popular Culture: Cannibalizations of the Canon. NY: Routledge, 2009, 115-31.

Xu, Gary G. "The Writer as a Historical Figure in Modern China: Ye Zhaoyan's Passionate Memory and Fictional History." Neohelicon 37, 2 (Dec. 2010): 405-18.

Yi Sha
van Crevel, Maghiel. "Rejective Poetry? Sound and Sense in Yi Sha." In Maghiel van Crevel, Tian Yuan Tan, and Michel Hockx, eds. Text, Performance, and Gender in Chinese Literature and Music: Essay in Honor of Wilt Idema. Leiden and Boston: Brill, 2009, 389-412.

Yin Fu
Lyell, William. "Down the Road that Mei Took: Women in Yin Fu's Work." In Findeison and Gassmann, eds., Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern: Peter Lang, 1997.

Yin Lichuan
Bradbury, Steve. "Have Net, Will Travel: Is this the new face of Chinese poetry? PRC poet and head-turner Yin Lichuan talks about her image, her verse, and publishing on the web." POTS (21 October 2005): 17-18.

Van Crevel, Maghiel. “Lower Body Poetry and Its Lineage: Disavowal, Bad Behavior and Social Concern,” in Jie Lu ed., China’s Literary and Cultural Scenes at the Turn of the 21st Century. Oxford: Routledge, 2008, 179-205. Revised as "The Lower Body: Yin Lichuan and Shen Haobo." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money, Leiden: Brill, 2008, 305-343.

Yo Yo
Yanglian.net [website set up by Yang Liang and Yo Yo]

Yongzi (Yungtzu)
Lin, Julia C. "Yungtzu: A Woman's Voice." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 76-95.

You Jing (Yau Ching)
Feeley, Jennifer. "Heartburn on a Map Called Home: Yau Ching and the (Im)possibility of Hong Kong Poetry as Chinese Poetry." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 10, 1 (Summer 2010).

Yu Dafu
Chan, Wing-ming. “The Self-Mocking of a Chinese Intellectual: A Study of Yu Dafu’s An Intoxicating Spring Night.” In Marian Galik, ed., Interliterary and Intraliterary Aspects of the May Fourth Movement 1919 in China. Bratislava: Veda, 1990, 111-118.

Chang, Randall Oliver. "Yu Ta-fu (1896-1945): The Alienated Artist in Modern Chinese Literature." Ph.D. Dissertation. Pomona: Claremont Graduate School and University Center, 1974.

Chen Zishan and Wang Zili, eds. Yu Dafu yanji ziliao (Research materials on Yu Dafu). HK: Sanlian, 1986.

Denton, Kirk. "The Distant Shore: The Nationalist Theme in Yu Dafu's Sinking." Chinese Literature Essays, Articles and Reviews 14 (1992): 107-23. [JSTOR link]

-----. "Romantic Sentiment and the Problem of the Subject." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 478-84.

Dolezalova, Anna. Yu Ta-fu: Specific Traits of his Literary Creation. Bratislava: Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 1970.

-----. "Remarks on the Life and Work of Yu Ta-fu up to 1930." AAS 1 (1965): 53-80.

-----. "Two Novels of Yu Ta-fu: Two Approaches to Literary Creation." AAS 4 (1968): 17-29.

Dunsing, Charlotte. “Yu Dafu: Autobiographie.” In Christina Neder et al. eds., China in Seinen Biographischen Dimension: Gedenkscrift fur Helmut Martin. Weisbaden: Harrossowitz Verlag, 2001, 129-40.

Egan, Michael. "Yu Dafu and the Transition to Modern Chinese Literature." In Merle Goldman, ed., Modern Chinese Literature in the May Fourth Era. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1977, 309-24.

-----. "The Short Stories of Yu Dafu--Life Becomes Literature. Ph.D. Dissertation. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1980.

Feng, Jin. "From Girl Student to Proletarian Woman: Yu Dafu's Victimized Hero and His Female Other." In Feng, The New Woman in Early Twentieth-Century Chinese Fiction. West Lafayette, IN: Purdue University Press, 2004, 60-82.

Feuerwerker, Yi-tsi Mei. "Text, Intertext, and the Representation of the Writing Self in Lu Xun, Yu Dafu, and Wang Meng." In Ellen Widmer and David Wang, eds., From May Fourth to June Fourth: Fiction and Film in Twentiety-Century China. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1993, 167-93.

Galik, Marian. "Yu Dafu and His Panaesthetic Criticism." In Galik, The Genesis of Modern Chinese Liteary Criticism (1917-1930). London: Curzon Press, 1980, 104-28.

He Yubo, ed. Yu Dafun lun (On Yu Dafu). Shanghai: 1932.

Huss, Ann. "Yu Dafu." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 282-89.

Kao, Shu-hsi. "Structure et signification dans les nouvelles de Yu Dafu." In La litterature chinoise au temps de la guerre de resistance contre le Japon (de 1937 a 1945). Paris: Editions de la Fondation Singer-Poligna, 1982, 169-74.

Keaveney, Christopher T. "Satô Haruo's 'Ajia noko' and Yu Dafu's Response: Literature, Friendship, and Nationalism." Sino-Japanese Studies 13, 2 (March 2001): 21-31.

-----. The Subversive Self in Modern Chinese Literature: The Creation Society's Reinvention of the Japanese Shishosetsu. NY: Palgrave Mcmillan, 2004. [though by no means exclusively about Yu Dafu, the book contains much material on this Creation Society writer]

Lan, Feng. "From the De-Based Literati to the Debased Intellectual: A Chinese Hypochondriac in Japan." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 23, 1 (Spring 2011): 105-32.

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Yu Ta-fu." In The Romantic Generation of Modern Chinese Writers. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1973, 81-123.

Lin, Sylvia Li-chun. "Unwelcome Heroines: Mao Dun and Yu Dafu's Creations of a New Chinese Woman." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 1, 2 (Jan. 1998): 71-94.

Kumagaya, Hideo. "Quest for Truth: An Introductory Study of Yu Dafu's Fiction." Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia 24 (1992): 49-63.

Melyan, Gary. "The Enigma of Yu Ta-fu's Death." Monumenta Serica 24 (1970-71): 557-88.

Ng, Mau-sang.The Russian Hero in Modern Chinese Fiction. HK: Chinese University Press; NY: State University of New York Press, 1988. (contains a chapter on Yu)

Prusek, Jaroslav. "Mao Tun and Yu Ta-fu." Three Sketches of Chinese Literature. Prague: Oriental Institute in Academia, 1969; rpt. in The Lyrical and the Epic: Studies in Modern Chinese Literature. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1980, 121-77.

Radtke, Kurt W. “Chaos and Coherence? Sato Haruo’s Novel Den’en no Yu’utsu and Yu Dafu’s trilogy Chenlun.” In Adriana Boscaro, Franco Gatti, and Massimo Raveri, eds. Rethinking Japan. NY: St. Martin’s Press, 1985, 86-101.

Rusch, Beate. Kunst- und Literaturtheorie bei Yu Dafu, 1896–1945. Dortmund, 1994

Saechtig, Alexander. Schreiben als Therapie: Die Selbstheilungsversuch des Yu Dafu nach dem Vorbild japanischer shishosetsu-Autoren. Weisbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2005.

Shih, Shu-mei. "The Libidinal and the National: The Morality of Decadence in Yu Dafu, Teng Gu, and Others." In Shi, The Lure of the Modern: Writing Modernism in Semicolonial China, 1917-1937. Berkeley: UC Press, 2001, 110-27.

Susuki, Masao. Yu Dafu. Tokyo: Kenbun Shuppan, 1994.

-----. Yu Dafu in Sumatra. Tokyo: Toho Shoten, 1995.

Tang, Chenxi. "Reading Europe, Writing China: European Literary Tradition and Chinese Authorship in Yu Dafu's 'Sinking.'" Arcadia 40, 1 (2005): 153-76.

Tsu, Jing. "Perversions of Masculinity: The Masochistic Male Subject in Yu Dafu, Guo Moruo, and Freud." Positions 8, 2 (Fall 2000): 269-316.

Wagner, Alexandra R. "Tradition as Construct and the Search for a Modern Identity: A Reading of Traditional Gestures in Modern Chinese Essays of Place." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 133-46. [deals with Yu Dafu, Zhu Ziqing, and Fang Lingru]

Wang Zili and Chen Zishan, eds. Yu Dafu yanjiu ziliao (Research materials on Yu Dafu). 2 vols. Tianjin: Tianjian renmin, 1982. Rpt. HK: Sanlian, 1986.

Wong Yoon Wah. "Yu Dafu in Exile: His Last Days in Sumatra." Renditions 23 (1985): 71-83.


Yu Guangzhong
Hsia, C. T. "Obsession with China (II): Three Taiwan Writers." In Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 3rd ed. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 363-86.
[deals with Jiang Kui, Yu Guanzhong, and Bai Xianyong]

Leung, K. C. "An Interview with Yu Kwang-chung." World Literature Today 65, 3 (1991): 441-46.

Lin, Julia C. "Yu Kuang-chung: From Dream to Reality." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 150-87.

Parry, Amie Elizabeth. Interventions into Modernist Cultures: Poetry from Beyond the Empty Screen. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2007. [MCLC Resource Center review by Paul Manfredi]

[Abstract: A comparative analysis of the cultural politics of modernist writing in the United States and Taiwan. Parry argues that the two sites of modernism are linked by their representation or suppression of histories of U.S. imperialist expansion, Cold War neocolonial military presence, and economic influence in Asia. Focusing on poetry, a genre often overlooked in postcolonial theory, she contends that the radically fragmented form of modernist poetic texts is particularly well suited to representing U.S. imperialism and neocolonial modernities.]

Yu Hua
Braester, Yomi. "The Aesthetics and Anesthetics of Memory: PRC Avant-Garde Fiction." In Braester, Witness Against History: Literature, Film, and Public Discourse in Twentieth-Century China. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2003, 177-91.

Cai, Rong. "The Lonely Traveler Revisited in Yu Hua's Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature 10, 1/2 (1998): 173-190.

Chen, Jianguo. "Violence: The Politics and the Aesthetic--Toward a Reading of Yu Hua." American Journal of Chinese Studies 5, 1 (1998): 8-48.

-----. "The Logic of the Phantasm: Haunting and Spectrality in Contemporary Chinese Literary Imagination." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 14, 1 (Spring 2002): 231-65. [deals with texts by Mo Yan, Chen Cun, and Yu Hua]. Rpt. in Chen, The Aesthetics of the 'Beyond': Phantasm, Nostaligia, and the Literary Practice in Contemporary China. Newark: University of Deleware Press, 2009, 62-90.

-----. "The World of the Sensory: Yu Hua's Obsession with the 'Real'." In Chen, The Aesthetics of the 'Beyond': Phantasm, Nostaligia, and the Literary Practice in Contemporary China. Newark: University of Deleware Press, 2009, 91-125.

Finken, Helen. "Interview with Yu Hua, Author of To Live (Huozhe)." Education About Asia 8, 3 (Winter 2003): 20-22.

Jones, Andrew F. "The Violence of the Text: Reading Yu Hua and Shi Zhicun." positions 2, 3 (1994): 570-602.

Knight, Deirdre Sabina. "Capitalist and Enlightenment Values in 1990s Chinese Fiction: The Case of Yu Hua's Blood Seller." Textual Practice 16, 3 (Nov. 2002): 1-22. Rpt. as "Capitalist and Enlightenment Values in Chinese Fiction of the 1990s: The Case of Yu Hua's Blood Merchant." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernity in Chinese Literature. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 217-37.

-----. "Self-Ownership and Capitalist Values in 1990s Chinese Fiction." In The Heart of Time: Moral Agency in Twentieth-Century Chinese Fiction. Cambridge: Harvard University Asia Center, 2006, 222-58. [deals in part with Yu Hua's Xu Sanguan the Bloodseller]

Larson, Wendy. "Literary Modernism and Nationalism in Post-Mao China." In Wendy Larson and Wedell-Wedellsborg, eds. Inside Out: Modernism and Postmodernism in Chinese Literary Culture. Aarhus: Aarhus University Press, 1993, 172-96.

Li, Hua. "Review of Yu Hua's Cries in the Drizzle." Pacific Affairs 81, 4 (Feb. 2009): 625.

-----. Contemporary Chinese Fiction by Su Tong and Yu Hua: Coming of Age in Troubled Times. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2011.

[Abstract: The book explores the coming-of-age fiction of two of the most critically acclaimed and frequently translated contemporary Chinese authors, Yu Hua and Su Tong; it is the first in-depth book-length treatise in English about the contemporary Chinese Bildungsroman. Although various individual contemporary Chinese novelists and individual works of Chinese fiction have previously been discussed under the rubric of the Bildungsroman, none of these efforts has approached the level of comprehensive and comparative analysis that this book brings to the genre and its social contexts in contemporary China. This book will pique the interests not only of scholars and students of Chinese and comparative literature, but also of historians and social scientists with an interest in the region.]

Li, Yinghong. "Nihilist Vision through Literary Subversion in Mainland Chinese Avant-garde Fiction: Two Cases: Nihilism of the Indifferent as Exemplified by Yu Hua and Nihilism of the Absurd as Exemplified by Can Xue." PhD diss. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1998.

Liu, Kang. Liu Kang. "The Short-Lived Avant-Garde: The Transformation of Yu Hua." Modern Language Quarterly 63, 1 (2003) : 89-118. Rpt. as "The Short-Lived Avant-Garde Literary Movement and Its Tranformation: The Case of Yu Hua." In Liu, Globalization and Cultural Trends in China. Honolulu: University of Hawai'I Press, 2004, 102-126.

Riep, Steven. "A War of Wounds: Disability, Disfigurement, and Antiheroic Portrayals of the War of Resistance Against Japan." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 20, 1 (Spring 2008): 129-72. [treats, in part, Yu Hua's novella "The Death of a Landlord"]

Michael Standaert. "Interview with Yu Hua." (interviewed on August 30, 2003, at the University of Iowa International Writing Program). MCLC Resource Center Publication, 2004.

Shen, Liyan. "Folkloric Elements in Avant-garde Fiction: Yu Hua's 'One Kind of Reality' and 'World like Mist.'" Canadian Review of Comparative Literature 35, 1-2 (March-June 2008): 73-86.

Tang, Xiaobing. "Residual Modernism: Narratives of Self in Contemporary Chinese Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature 7, 1 (Spring 1993):7-31.

Wagner, Marsha. "The Subversive Fiction of Yu Hua." Chinoperl Papers 20-22 (1997-99): 219-44.

Wang, Hui. "Borderless Writing." Tr. By Mi-Jung Kim. Transnational China Project (Baker Institute, Rice University)

Wedell-Wedellsborg, Anne. "One Kind of Chinese Reality: Reading Yu Hua." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews 18 (1996): 129-145.

-----. "Haunted Fiction: Modern Chinese Literature and the Supernatural." International Fiction Review 32 (2005) [deals with Yu Hua´s "Shi shi ru yan"]

-----. "Multiple Temporalities in the Literary Identity Space of Post-Socialist China: A Discussion of Yu Hua´s Novel Brothers and its Reception." In Postmodern China. Chinese History and Society. Berliner China-Hefte 34 (2008).

Yang, Xiaobin. "Yu Hua: The Past Remembered or the Present Dismembered." In Yang, The Chinese Postmodern: Trauma and Irony in Chinese Avant-garde Fiction. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002, 56-73.

-----, "Yu Hua: Perplexed Narration and the Subject." In Yang, The Chinese Postmodern: Trauma and Irony in Chinese Avant-garde Fiction. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 2002, 188-206.

Yu Hua's Blog (Sina.com)

Yu, Zhansui. "Death as Triple Allegory: Existential Truth, Cultural Reflection, and Historical Authenticity in Yu Hua's Fiction." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 22, 2 (Fall 2010): 231-61.

Zeng Zhennan. "Xianshi yizhong ji qita" (On 'One Kind of Reality' and others). Beijing wenxue 2 (1988).

Zhang, Qinghua. "On Brothers and Chaotic Aesthetics: An Interview with Yu Hua." Tr. Yao Benbiao. Chinese Literature Today (Winter/Spring 2011): 80-85.

Zhang Yiwu. "'Ren' de weiji: du Yu Hua de xiaoshuo" (The crisis of the human subject: reading Yu Hua's fiction). Dushu no. 2 (1988): 41-48.

Zhao, Yiheng. "Yu Hua: Fiction as Subversion." World Literature Today (Summer 1991).

-----. "The Rise of Metafiction in China." Bulletin of Oriental and African Studies LV, 1 (1992).

Yu Jian
Crespi, John. "Poetic Memory: Recalling the Cultural Revolution in the Poems of Yu Jian and Sun Wenbo." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 165-183.

Huot, Claire. "Here, There, Anywhere: Networking by Young Chinese Writers Today." In Michel Hockx, ed., The Literary Field of Twentieth Century China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1999, 198-215.

Patton, Simon. "They Tattoo Their Bodies for the World: An Interview with the Poet Yu Jian." Full Tilt 3 (Summer 2008).

van Crevel, Maghiel. "Fringe Poetry, But Not Prose: Works by Xi Chuan and Yu Jian." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 3, 2 (Jan. 2000). Revised as "Fringe Poetry, But Not Prose: Xi Chuan and Yu Jian." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 223-246.

-----."Desecrations? The Poetics of Han Dong and Yu Jian (part One)." Studies on Asia Series II, 2, 1 (2005): 28-48 [pdf download]. Revised as "Desecrations? Han Dong's and Yu Jian's Explicit Poetics." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 365-397.

----. "Desecrations? The Poetics of Han Dong and Yu Jian (part Two)." Studies on Asia Series II, 2, 2 (2005): 81-97 [pdf download]. Revised as "Desecrations? Han Dong's and Yu Jian's Explicit Poetics." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 365-397.

-----. "Objectification and the Long-Short Line: Yu Jian." In van Crevel, Chinese Poetry in Times of Mind, Mayhem and Money. Leiden: Brill, 2008, 247-280.

Yu Lihua
Kao, Hsin-sheng C. "Yu Lihua's Blueprint for the Development of a New Poetics: Chinese Literature Overseas." In Kao, ed., Nativism Overseas: Comtemporary Chinese Women Writers. Albany: SUNY Press, 1993, 81-107.


Yu Luojin
Chen, John (Zhong) Ming. "Women's Autobiography as Counter-discourse: The Cases of Dorothy Livesay and Yu Luojin." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 33-44.

Chou, Yu-sun. "Yu Lo-chin's Winter and Spring." Issues and Studies 22, 6 (June 1986): 57-67.

Honig, Emily. "Private Issues, Public Discourses: The Life and Times of Yu Luojin." Public Affairs 57, 2 (Summer 1984): 252-65.

Merlich, Jorg Michael. "In Search of the Ideal Man: Yu Luojin's Novel A Winter's Tale. In Anna Gerstlacher et al, eds., Women and Literature in China. Bochum: Studienverlag Brockmeyer, 1985, 454-72.

Wang, Lingzhen. "Retheorizing the Personal: Identity, Writing, and Gender in Yu Luojin's Autobiographical Act." Positions 6, 2 (1998).

Yu Rongjun (aka Nick Rongjun Yu)
Conceison, Claire. "Behind the Play: The World and Works of Nick Rongun Yu." Theatre Journal 63 (2011): 311-21.

Yu Qiuyu
Gong, Haomin. "Popularization of Traditional Culture in Postsocialist China: A Study of the Yu Qiuyu Phenomenon.” Journal of Contemporary China 20 (69) (March 2011): 343-58.

[Abstract: This essay investigates the 'Yu Qiuyu' Phenomenon that attracted literary and critical attention in the 1990s. By examining the historical conditions under which it arose and the prose as a literary genre, I argue that Yu Qiuyu's 'cultural prose' writing exemplifies a paradoxical cultural logic deeply symptomatic of postsocialist China: traditional culture, with all its cultural elitism, strategically responds to the sweeping commercialization and re-identifies itself in the social transformation.]

Yu Qiuyu's Blog, (Sina.com)

Zheng, Yi. "Cultural Tours and the Spiritual Home: On Yu Qiuyu and Contemporary Chinese Cultural Essays." Portal: Journal of Multidisciplanary International Studies 4, 1 (Jan. 2007). [In Chinese]

[Abstract: The essay explores the public social dimension of the "great cultural essays" as a popular post-socialist genre. It looks into the genre's emergence and popularity as part of the making of a middleclass taste in contemporary China and its claim to a re-imagined cultural national inheritance. In particular, the discussion focuses on the example of essayist Yu Qiuyu and examines the implications of his successful transformation of an obsolete historical "Culture" into a desirable commodity that offers spiritual home to the aspiring and successful of a "Greater China".]

Zhou, Zhengbao. "Yu Qiuyu--Scholar and Prose Writer." Tr. Zhang Siying. Chinese Literature (Autumn 1998).

Yuan Changying
Eide, Elizabeth. "The Ballad 'Kongque dongnan fei' as Freudian Feminist Drama During the May Fourth Period." Republican China 15, 1 (Nov. 1989): 65-71.

He, Man. The Peacock on Stage and in Print: A Study of the 1920s New Drama Adaptations of Southeast Flies the Peacock. MA thesis. Columbus, OH: The Ohio State University, 2009.

Yan, Haiping, “Other Life: Bai Wei, Yuan Changying, and Social Dramas in the 1930s.” In Yan, Chinese Women Writers and the Feminist Imagination, 1905-1948. London: Routledge, 2006, 100-34.


Yuan Qiongqiong
Chang, Sung-sheng Yvonne. "Yuan Qiongqiong and the Rage for Eileen Chang among Taiwan's Feminine Writers." Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 201-24.


Yongzi
Lin, Julia. "A Woman's Voice: The Poetry of Yungtzu." In A. Palandri, ed. Women Writers of 20-Century China. Eugene: Asian Studies Publications, University of Oregon, 1982, 137-62.

Zeng Pu
Hu, Ying. "Flower in a Sea of Retribution: A Tale of Border-Crossing." In Hu, Tales of Translation: Composing the New Woman in China, 1899-1918. Stanford: Stanford UP, 2000, 21-66.

-----. "Zeng Pu." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 290-95.

Huters, Theodore. "Impossible Representations: Visions of China and the West in Flower in a Sea of Retribution." In Huters, Bringing the World Home: Appropriating the West in Late Qing and Early Republican China. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2005, 173-200.

Li, Peter. Tseng P'u. Boston: Twayne, 1980.

-----. "The Dramatic Structure of Niehai hua." in Milena Dolezelova-Velingerova, ed., The Chinese Novel at the Turn of the Century. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980, 150-64.

McAleavy, H. "Tseng P'u and the Nieh-hai hua." St. Antony Papers 7 (1960): 88-137.

Tseng, H.P. (Zeng Xubai). "My Father's Literary Journey." Tr. Colin Modini. Renditions 17/18 (Spring/Aut. 1982): 193-98.

Yeh, Catherine Vance. Zeng Pu's Niehai Hua as a Political Novel--A World Genre in a Chinese Form. Ph.d. diss. Cambridge: Harvard University, 1990.

-----. “The Life-Style of Four Wenren in Late Qing Shanghai.” Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies 57, 1 (1997): 419-70. [deals with Wang Tao, Chen Jitong, Zeng Pu, and Jin Songcen]

Zhaxi Dawa
Shi, Anbin. "Unmasking Latent Han-centrism and Innovating Boundary Writing: Reconstructing Ethnic Identity in Contemporary China." In Shi, A Comparative Approach to Redefining Chinese-ness in the Era of Globalization. Lewiston, NY: Mellen Press, 2003, 207-60. [much of this chapters deals with Zhaxi Dawa's novel Turbulent Shambhala (Saodong de Xiangbala)].

Zhai Yongming
Lingenfelter, Andrea. "Opposition and Adaptation in the Poetry of Zhai Yongming and Xia Yu." In Christopher Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 105-120.

-----. ",China's Foremost Feminist Poet Zhai Yongming Converses on Her Art, Her Bar and Chinese Women's Writing, Past and Present." Full Tilt 3 (Summer 2008).

Tao, Naikan. "Building a White Tower at Night: Zhai Yongming's Poetry." World Literature Today 73, 3 (1999): 409-416.

Van Crevel, Maghiel: "Zhai Yongming." In Lily Lee, ed, Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women: The Twentieth Century, 1912-2000. Armonk, NY: ME Sharpe, 2003, 672-678.

Zhang, Jeanne Hong. “Zhai Yongming’s ‘Woman’ —With Special Attention to Its Intertextual Relations with the Poetry of Sylvia Plath.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 2 (2002): 109-30.

Zhang Ailing (or Eileen Chang)
Bohlmeyer, Jeanine. "Eileen Chang's Bridges to China." Tamkang Review 5, 1 (1974): 111-28.

Brown, Carolyn. Eileen Chang's 'Red Rose and White Rose': A Translation and Afterward. Ph.D. diss. The American University, 1978.

Chang, Eileen, Wang Hui Ling, and James Schamus. Lust, Caution: The Story, the Screenplay, and the Making of the Film. NY: Pantheon Books, 2007. [publisher's blurb]

Chang, Sung-sheng Yvonne. "Yuan Qiongqiong and the Rage for Eileen Zhang." Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 201-23.

Chen, Ya-Shu. Love Demythologized: The Significance and Impact of Zhang Ailing's (1921-1995) Works. Ph.D diss. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1998.

Cheng, Stephen. "Themes and Techniques in Eileen Chang's Stories." Tamkang Review 8, 2 (1977): 169-200.

Chow, Rey. "Modernity and Narration--in Feminine Detail." In Chow, Woman and Chinese Modernity: The Politics of Reading Between West and East. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1991, 84-120.

-----. "Seminal Dispersal, Fecal Retention, and Related Narrative Matters: Eileen Chang's Tale of Roses in the Problematic of Modern Writing." differences: A Journal of Feminist Cultural Studies 11, 2 (1999): 153-76.

Chow, Lim Chin. "Reading 'The Golden Cangue': Iron Boudoirs and Symbols of Oppressed Confucian Women." Tr. Louise Edwards and Kam Louie. Renditions 45 (Spring 1996): 141-49.

-----. "Castration Parody and Male 'Castration': Eileen Chang's Female Writing and Her Anti-patriarchal Strategy." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 127-44.

Deppman, Hsiu-Chuang. "Rewriting Colonial Encounters: Eileen Chang and Somerset Maugham." Unpublished mss.

Dooling, Amy. "Outwitting Patriarchy: Comic Narrative Strategies in the Works of Yang Jiang, Su Qing, and Zhang Ailing." In Dooling, Women's Literary Feminism in Twentieth-Century China. NY: Palgrave MacMillan, 2005, 137-70.

Fu, Poshek. "Eileen Chang, Women's Film, and Domestic Culture of Modern Shanghai." Tamkang Review 29, 4 (Summer 1999): 9-28.

Gunn, Edward. Unwelcome Muse: Chinese Literature in Shanghai and Peking (1937-1945). NY: Columbia UP, 1980, 200-31.

Hong, Jeesoon. Gendered Modernism of Republican China: Lu Yin, Ling Shuhua, and Zhang Ailing, 1920-1949. Ph. D. diss. Cambridge: University of Cambridge, 2003.

Hoyan Hang Fung, Carole. The Life and Works of Zhang Ailing: A Critical Study. Ph. D. diss. Vancouver: University of British Columbia, 1996.

-----. "On the Translation of Eileen Chang's Fiction." Translation Quarterly (Hong Kong). 18/19 (March, 2000): 99-136.

Hsia, C.T. "Eileen Chang." In C.T. Hsia. A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 389-431.

-----. Aiqing, shehui, xiaoshuo (Love, society, fiction). Taipei: Chunwenxue, 1970.

Hu, Lancheng. This Life, These Times (excerpts). Tr. D.E. Pollard. Renditions 45 (Spring 1996): 129-35. [excerpts of Zhang's husband's memoirs]

Huang, Nicole. "Eileen Chang and the Modern Essay." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 67-96.

-----. "Eileen Chang and Alternative Wartime Narrative." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 458-62.

-----. "Introduction." In Eileen Chang, Written on Water. Tr. Andrew F. Jones. NY: Columbia UP, 2005.

-----. Women, War, Domesticity: Shanghai Literature and Popular Culture of the 1940s. Leiden: Brill, 2005.

[Abstract: In December 1941, the fifth year in an all-scale cataclysmic Sino-Japanese war that devoured much of Eastern China, the city of Shanghai entered into an era of full occupation. This was the moment when a group of young women authors began writing and soon took over the cultural scene of the besieged metropolis.Women, War, Domesticity reconstructs cultures of reading, writing, and publishing in the city of Shanghai during the three years and eight months of Japanese occupation. It specifically depicts the formation of a new cultural arena initiated by a group of women who not only wrote, edited, and published, but also took part in defining and transforming the structure of modern knowledge, discussing it in various public forums surrounding the print media, and, consequently, promoting themselves as authoritative cultural commentators of the era.]

Huang, Hsin-ya. The Poetics of Hysteria: Feminine Madness in Victorian English and Modern Chinese Women's Literature. Ph. D. diss. Urbana: University of Illinois, 1994.

Kao, Hsin-sheng C. "The Shaping of a Life: Structure and Narrative Process in Eileen Chang's The Rouge of the North." In A. Palandri, ed. Women Writers of 20-Century China. Eugene: Asian Studies Publications, University of Oregon, 1982, 111-37.

Kingsbury, Karen Sawyer. Reading Eileen Chang's Early Fiction: Art and a Female Sense of Self. Ph. D. diss. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1995.

Lee, Haiyan. "Eileen Chang's Poetics of the Social: Review of Love in a Fallen City." MCLC Resource Center (May 2007).

-----. "Enemy under My Skin: Eileen Chang's 'Lust, Caution' and the Politics of Transcendence." PMLA 125, 3 (May, 2010).

Lee, Leo Ou-fan. "Eileen Chang: Romances of a Fallen City." In Lee, Shanghai Modern: The Flowering of a New Urban Culture in China, 1930-1945. Cambridge: Harvard UP, 1999, 267-303.

-----. "Eileen Chang and Cinema." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 2, 2 (Jan. 1999): 37-60.

Leung, Ping-kwan. "Two Discourses on Colonialism: Huang Guliu and Eileen Chang on Hong Kong in the Forties." Boundary 2. Special Issue ed. Rey Chow. 25, 2 (Fall 1998): 77-96.

Li, Jessica Tsui Yan. "The Politics of Self-Translation: Eileen Chang."Perspectives: Studies in Translatology 14, 2 (2006): 99-106.

-----. "Female Body Revisited: Eileen Chang’s The Rice-Sprout Song and Yangge.” In Reeta Tremblay, ed., Asia: Local and Global Perspectives. Montreal: Canadian Asian Studies Association, 2008, 272-289.

-----. "Self-Translation/Rewriting: The Female Body in Eileen Chang's "Jinsuo ji", the Rouge of the North, Yuannu and 'The Golden Cangue.'" Neohelicon 37, 2 (Dec. 2010): 391-403.

Lim, Chin-chown. "Reading 'The Golden Cangue': Iron Boudiors and Symbols of Oppressed Confucian Women." Trs. Louise Edwards and Kam Louie. Renditions 45 (Spring 1996): 141-49.

Liu, Joyce Chi Hui. "Filmic Transposition of the Roses: Stanley Kwan's Feminine Response to Eileen Chang's Women." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 145-58.

Liu, Juan. Beyond the Mountains: Cross-culturalism in the Fiction of Edith Wharton and Eileen Chang. Ph. D. diss. Washington: George Washington University, 1995.

Liu Zaifu. "Eileen Chang's Fiction and C. T. Hsia's A History of Modern Chinese Fiction." MCLC Resource Center Publication (July 2009).

Martin, Helmut. "'Like a Film Abruptly Torn Off': Tension and Despair in Zhang Ailing's Writing Experience." In Wolfgang Kubin, ed., Symbols of Anguish: In Search of Melancholy in China. Bern: Peter Lang, 2001, 353-83

Miller, Lucien and Hui-chuan Chang. "Fiction and Autobiography: Spatial Form in 'The Golden Cangue' and The Woman Warrior." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1989, 24-43.

Mou, Sherry. "Between History and Literature: Chang Ai-ling's Lao Tai-tai Characters." Jindai Zhongguo funu shi yanjiu (Taiwan) 2 (June 1994): 203-227.

Pang, Laikwan. "Photography and Autobiography: Zhang Ailing's Looking at Each Other." Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 13, 1 (Spring 2001): 73-106.

Paolini, Shirley J. and Yen Chen-shen. "Moon, Madness and Mutilation in Eileen Chang's English Translation of The Golden Cangue." Tamkang Review 19, 1-4 (1988-89): 547-57.

Pechenart, Emmanuelle. "Eileen Chang traductrice de ses propres oeuvres." In Isabelle Rabut, ed., Les belles infideles dans l'empire du milieu: Problematique et pratiques de la traduction dans le monde Chinois moderne. Paris: You Feng, 2010, 203-24.

Rojas, Carlos. "Eileen Chang and Photographic Nostalgia." In Rojas, The Naked Gaze: Reflections on Chinese Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, 159-81.

Rollins, J. B. and Baochai Chiang. "Eileen Chang and the Chinese Diaspora." Inter-Disciplinary.Net

Shan, Tam Pak. "Chronology and Reflections." In Eva Hung, ed., Traces of Love and Other Stories. HK: Renditions Paperback, 2000, 13-21.

Shui Jing, Pao zhuan ji (Casting a brick to attract jade). Taipei: Sanmin shuju, 1986.

-----. Zhang Ailing de xiaoshuo yishu (The Fictional art of Zhang Ailing). Taipei: Dadi, 1973.

Stewart, Elizabeth Cheng. "Awareness of the Woman Question in the Novels of George Elliot and Eileen Chang." Ph.D. Thesis, University of Illinois at Urbaba-Champaign, 1988.

Tam, Pak Shan. "Eileen Chang: A Chronology." Renditions 45 (Spring 1996): 6-12.

Tang Wenbiao. Zhang Ailing ziliao da quanji (A complete collections of materials on Zhang Ailing). Taibei: Shibao wenhua, 1984. (contains drawings, Zhang's writings, memoirs, a chronology, etc)

-----, ed. Zhang Ailing juan. Taibei: Yuanjing.

-----. Zhang Ailing zasui. Taibei: Yuanjing, 1976.

Wang, David Der-wei. "Foreword." In The Rouge of the North. Berkeley: UCP, 1998, vii-xxx.

-----. "Three Hungry Women." Boundary 2. Special Issue ed. Rey Chow. 25, 2 (Fall 1998): 47-76. [deals in part with Chang's Rice Sprout Song]

-----. "Eileen Chang and The Fall of the Pagoda." Chinese Literature Today (Summer 2010): 92-98.

Wang, Xiaojue. "Memory, Photographic Seduction, and Allegorical Correspondence: Eileen Chang's Mutual Reflections." In Carlos Rojas and Eileen Cheng-yin Chow, eds., Rethinking Chinese Popular Culture: Cannibalizations of the Canon. NY: Routledge, 2009, 190-205.

Wang, Xiaoming. "The 'Good Fortune' of Eileen Chang." Tr. Cecile Chu-chin Sun. Renditions 45 (Spring 1996): 136-40.

Williams, Philip F. C. "Back from Extremity: Eileen Chang's Literary Return." Tamkang Review 29, 3 (Spring 1999): 127-38.

Wu Fuhui, ed. Zhang Ailing sanwen quanbian (Complete essays of Zhang Ailing). Hangzhou: Zhejiang wenyi, 1995.

Yin, Xiaoling. "Shadow of The Dream of the Red Chamber: An Intertextual Critique of The Golden Cangue." Tamkang Review 21, 1 (1990): 1-28.

Zhang Ailing and Modern Chinese Literature. Conference held at Lingnan University, Hong Kong (Oct. 24-25, 2000). [with audio/visual of entire conference]

Zhang, Jingyuan. "Zhang Ailing (Eileen Chang)." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 296-310.

Zou, Lin. "The Commercialization of Emotions in Zhang Ailing's Fiction." Journal of Asian Studies 70, 1 (2011): 29-51.

[Abstract: This article examines the principle of commercialization evoked in Zhang Ailing's writing and explores how it frames the subjective value of emotions—particularly desolation—in her fiction. Human relationship in Zhang's world is essentially commercial, in the sense that it is dominated by interest calculation and exchange. This relationship is driven by desires that are relentless and cannot find meaning in any goal. Behind this human relationship is a commercial framework of value that turns any form of subjectivity assuming natural value into a commodity for consumption. This is the mechanism through which desolation in Zhang's fiction is commercialized. By exploring the affective structure of desolation, the author argues desolation assumes natural value by building fatalism into its structure as a natural principle. In doing so, Zhang's aesthetics of desolation presents itself as a petty bourgeois construction for consumption.]

Zhang, Yingjin. "Gender, Genre, and Performance in Eileen Chang's Films: Equivocal Contrasts Across the Print-Screen Divide." In Lingzhen Wang, ed., Chinese Women's Cinema: Transnational Contexts. NY: Columbia UP, 2011, 255-73.

Zhang Beihai
Berry, Michael. "A Tale of Two Cities: Romance, Revenge, and Nostalgia in Two Fin-de-Siece Novels by Ye Zhaoyan and Zhang Beihai." In Carlos Rojas and Eileen Cheng-yin Chow, eds., Rethinking Chinese Popular Culture: Cannibalizations of the Canon. NY: Routledge, 2009, 115-31.

Zhang Chengzhi
Choy, Howard Y. F. "'To Construct an Unknown China': Ethnoreligious Historiography in Zhang Chengzhi's Islamic Fiction." positions: east asia cultures critique 14, 3 (Winter 2006): 687-715. [Project Muse link]

Huang, Yibing. "Zhang Chengzhi: Striving for Alternative National Forms, or, Old Red Guard and New Cultural Heretic." In Huang, Contemporary Chinese Literature: From the Cultural Revolution to the Future. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007.

Liu, Xinmin. "Self-Making in the Wilderness: Zhang Chengzhi's Reinvention of Ethnic Identity." American Journal of Chinese Studies 5, 1 (1998): 89-110.

-----. "Deciphering the Populist Gadfly: Cultural Polemic around Zhang Chengzhi's 'Religious Sublime.'" In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 227-37.

Wu, Jin. The Voices of Revolt: Zhang Chengzhi, Wang Shuo and Wang Xiaobo. Ph.D. diss. Eugene: University of Oregon, 2005.

Xu, Jian. "Radical Ethnicity and Apocryphal History: Reading the Sublime Object of Humanism in Zhang Chengzhi's Late Fictions." postions: east asia cultures critique 10, 3 (Winter 20002): 526-46.

Zhang, Xuelian. "Muslim Identity in the Writing of Zhang Chengzhi." Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia 32/33 (2000/2001): 97-116.


Zhang Dachun
Ng, Kim-chu. "Techniques behind Lies and the Artistry of Truth: Writing about the Writings of Zhang Dachun." In David Der-wei Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 253-82.

Yang, Xiaobin. "Telling (Hi)story: Illusory Truth or True Illusion." Tamkang Review 21, 2 (1990): 127-47.

Zhang Dongsun (Carsun Chang)
Yap, Key-chong. "Culture-Bound Reality: The Interactionistic Epistemology of Chang Tung-sun." East Asian History 3 (June 1992): 77-120.

Zhang Guangtian
Wan, Abbey. “Minstrel, Confucian Scholar, Poet.” City Weekend (Feb. 7, 2002).

Zhang Guixing (Chang Kuei-hsing)
Bachner, Andrea. "Reinventing Chinese Writing: Zhang Guixing's Sinographi Translations." In Jing Tsu and David Der-wei Wang, eds., Global Chinese Literature: Critical Essays. Leiden: Brill, 2010, 177-96.

Bernards, Brian. "Plantation and Rainforest: Chang Kuei-hsing and a South Seas Discourse of Coloniality and Nature." In Brian Bernards, Shu-mei Shih, and Chien-hsin Tsai, eds., Sinophone Studies: A Critical Reader. New York: Columbia University Press, 2011.

Zhang Henshui
Altenburger, Roland. "Willing to Please: Zhang Henshui's Novel 'Fate in Tears and Laughter' and Mao Dun's Critique." In Findeison and Gassmann, eds., Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern: Peter Lang, 1997.

Lyell, William A. "Translator's Afterword." In Shanghai Express. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1997, 239-56.

McClellan, T. M. Zhang Henshui's Fiction: Attempts to Reform the Traditional Chinese Novel. Ph.D. diss. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh, 1991.

-----. "Change and Continuity in the Fiction of Zhang Henshui (1895-1967): From Oneiric Romanticism to Nightmare Realism." Modern Chinese Literature 10, 1/2 (1998): 113-134.

-----. Zhang Henshui and Popular Chinese Fiction, 1919-1949. Lewiston: Edwin Mellen Press, 2005.

[press blurb: This book is a “life and works” study of the most successful Chinese novelist of the first half of the twentieth century. In the 1920s-1940s, the popularity of Zhang’s work among readers was immense, but it was denigrated as commercial, ideologically backward writing during an age when literature in China was dominated by the leftist politics and Europeanising aesthetics of the May Fourth Movement. The author demonstrates, by detailed philological analysis, how Zhang Henshui chose to retain the form and language of the old-style Chinese novel, but to assimilate techniques and content from May Fourth writing as a means of “improving” traditional fiction while “catching up with the times.” In this by far most comprehensive survey of Zhang’s fictional work in any Western language, the author identifies, with impressive literary sensitivity, a number of phases of development and retrogression, as Zhang Henshui moved away gradually from writing fiction for entertainment and comfort to writing more disturbing and engaging work. Rare among studies of modern Chinese literature, the book’s generous excerpts and appendices from the most outstanding novels in exquisite English translation offer a lively impression of the experience of reading Zhang Henshui novels. The bibliography includes a most valuable detailed chronological list of Zhang’s works. This book will also be of interest to scholars of Republican-era Chinese culture and history in general, as well as to scholars of comparative literature and general literary theory.]

-----. "Zhang Henshui." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 311-19.

Rupprecht, Hsiao-wei Wang. Departure and Return: Chang Hen-shui and the Chinese Narrative Tradition. HK: Joint Publishing, 1987.


Zhang Jie
Bailey, Alison. "Travelling Together: Narrative Technique in Zhang Jie's 'The Ark'." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1989, 96-111.

Chan, Sylvia. "Chang Chieh's Fiction: In Search of Female Identity." Issues and Studies 25.9 (1989): 85-104; also in Bih-jaw Lin, ed. Post-Mao Sociopolitical Changes in Mainland China: The Literary Perspective. Taibei: Institute of International Relations, National Chengchi University, 1991, 89-108.

Chen, Yu-shih. "Harmony and Equality: Notes on 'Mimosa' and 'Ark.'" Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 163-70.

Chen, Xiaomei. "Reading Mother's Tale: Reconstructing Women's Space in Amy Tan and Zhang Jie." Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews 16 (1994): 111-32.

Chong, Woei Lien. "The Position of Women in China: A Lecture by Woman Writer Zhang Jie." China Information 10, 1 (Summer 1995): 51-58.

Hagenaar, Elly. "Some Recent Literary Works by Zhang Jie: A Stronger Emphasis on Personal Perspective." China Information 10, 1 (Summer 1995): 59-71.

Lai, Amy Tak-yee. "Liberation, Confusion, Imprisonment: The Female Self in Ding Ling's 'Diary of Miss Sophie' and Zhang Jie's 'Love Must Not Be Forgotten.'" Comparative Literatue and Culture 3 (Sept. 1998): 88-103.

Lee, Lily Xiao Hong. "Love and Marriage in Zhang Jie's Fangzhou and Zumulu: Views from Outside." Chinese Literature and European Context: Proceedings of the 2nd International Sinological Symposium. Bratislava: Institute of Asian and African Studies of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 1994, 233-40.

Muller, Eva. “Die Schrifstellerin Zhang Jie: Vom Grosen politischen Roman zum weiblichen Psychogramm.” In Christina Neder et al. eds., China in Seinen Biographischen Dimension: Gedenkscrift fur Helmut Martin. Weisbaden: Harrossowitz Verlag, 2001.

Prazniak, Roxann. "Feminist Humanism: Socialism and Neofeminism in the Writings of Zhang Jie." In Arif Dirlik and Maurice Meisner eds., Marxism and the Chinese Experience. Armonk, NY: M. E. Sharpe, 1989, 269-93.

Roberts, Rosemary A. "Images of Women in the Fiction of Zhang Jie and Zhang Xinxin." China Quarterly 120 (1989): 800-13.

Yang, Gladys. "Zhang Jie, a Controversial, Mainstream Writer." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 253-60.


Zhang Jingsheng
Leary, Charles. "Intellectual Orthodoxy, the Economy of Knowledge, and the Debate over Zhang Jingsheng's Sex Histories." Republican China 18, 2 (1994): 99-137.

Lee, Haiyan. "Governmentality and the Aesthetic State: A Chinese Fantasia." positions: eastasia cultures critique 14, no.1 (2006): 99-130 (deals with Zhang Jingsheng's Mei de rensheng guan [The Philosophy of a Beautiful Life], Meide shehui zuzhi fa [How to Organize a Beautiful Society], and, to a lesser extent, Xingshi [Sex histories]).

Peng, Hsiao-yen. "Sex Histories: Zhang Jingsheng's Sexual Revolution." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 159-78.


Zhang Junmai (Carsun Chang)
Jeans, Roger B. Democracy and Socialism in Prewar China: The Politics of Zhang Junmai, 1906-1941. Lanham, MD: Rowan and Littlefield, 1997.


Zhang Kangkang
Bryant, Daniel. "Making It Happen: Aspects of Narrative Method in Zhang Kangkang's 'Northern Lights'." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1989, 112-34.

Wu, Taichang. "Zhang Kangkang and her Fiction." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 281-86.

Yang, Suying. "Gender Construction in the Novels of Zhang Kangkang and Liang Xiaosheng." In Kwok-kan Tam and Terry Siu-han Yip, eds., Gender, Discourse and the Self in Literature: Issues in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong: HK: The Chinese University Press, 2009, 109-24.

Zhang Mei
Sieber, Patricia. "Zhang Mei." In Sieber, ed. Red Is Not the Only Color: Contemporary Chinese Fiction on Love and Sex between Women, Collected Stories. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield, 2001, 195-96.

Zhang Mingyuan
Williams, Philip F. C. "Migrant Laborer Subcultures in Recent Chinese Literature: a Communicative Perspective." Intercultural Communication Studies 8, 2 (1998-99): 153-161. [discusses the literary portrayal of contemporary rural mangliu, esp. in Zhang Mingyuan's 1989 play, Duo yu de xiatian].

Zhang Ping
Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "Modernity and Apocalypse in Chinese Novels from the End of the Twentieth Century." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernities in Chinese Literature. NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 101-20. [deals with Wang Lixiong's Yellow Peril, Lu Tianming's Heaven Above, Zhang Ping's Choice, and Mo Yan's Liquorland].

-----. "Climax: The Alarum and Standard-Bearer--Zhang Ping's Choice." In Kinkley, Corruption and Realism in Late Socialist China. Palo Alto: Stanford UP, 2007, 78-103. [Publisher's blurb]

Zhang Shizhao
Bai, Ji'an. "Hu Shi and Zhang Shizhao." Chinese Studies in History 39, 3 (Spring 2006): 3-32.

Zhang Taiyan
Chang, Hao. Chinese Intellectuals in Crisis: Search for Order and Meaning (1890-1911). Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.

Lee, Mabel. "Chang Ping-lin's Concept of Self and Society: Questions of Constancy and Continuity After the 1911 Revolution." Zhonghua minguo chuqi lishi yantaohui lunwenju 1912-1917. Taibei: Institute of Modern History of the Academica Sinica, 1984, 593-630.

Lee, Jer-shiarn. Chang Ping-lin, 1869-1936: A Political Radical and Cultural Conservative. Taibei: Liberal Arts Press, 1993.

Furth, Charlotte. "The Sage as Rebel: The Inner World of Chang Ping-lin." In Furth ed., The Limits of Change: Essays on Conservative Alternatives in Republican China. Cambridge, MA: Harvard UP, 1976, 113-50.

Murthy, Viren. "Equalization as Difference: Zhang Taiyan's Buddhist-Daoist Response to Modern Politics" IIAS Newsletter (June 2007).

-----. The Political Philosophy of Zhang Taiyan: The Resistance of Consciousness. Leiden: Brill, 2011.

[Abstract: Zhang Taiyan (1868-1936) is famous for being one of the first thinkers in China to promote revolution in the early twentieth century. Scholars have addressed Zhang’s revolutionary and nationalist thought, but until this work there has not been any sustained engagement with Zhang’s Buddhist writings which aimed to understand and criticize the world from the perspective of consciousness. These philosophical works are significant because they exemplify how, as Chinese intellectuals entered the global capitalist world, they constantly tried to find resources to create an alternative. As the author argues in the conclusion, this desire to create an alternative to capitalism remained throughout twentieth century China and continues today in the works of critical intellectuals such as Wang Hui. Thus this work is important not only to understand our past, but to hope for a better future.]

Shimada, Kenji. Pioneer of the Chinese Revolution: Zhang Binglin and Confucianism. Tr Joshua A. Fogel. Stanford: Stanford UP, 1990.

Wang, Hui. "Zhang Taiyan's Concept of the Individual and Modern Chinese Identity." In Wen-hsin Yeh, ed., Becoming Chinese: Passages to Modernity and Beyond. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2000, 231-59.

Wong, Young-tsu. Search for Modern Nationalism: Zhang Binglin and Revolutionary China, 1869-1936. Hong Kong: Oxford UP, 1989.

-----. "Zhang Bingling's Critique of Western Modernity: A Chinese View of Cultural Pluralism." In Peter Zarrow, ed., Creating Chinese Modernity: Knowledge and Everyday Life, 1900-1940. NY: Peter Lang, 2007, 23-50.

Zhang Tianyi
Anderson, Marsten. "Realism's Last Stand: Character and Ideology in Zhang Tianyi's Three Sketches." MCL 5, 2 (1989): 179-96.

-----. "Mao Dun, Zhang Tianyi, and the Social Impediments to Realism." In Anderson, The Limits of Realism: Chinese Fiction in the Revolutionary Period. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 119-79.

Gotz, Michael. Realistic Fiction as a Medium for Social Criticism: Short Stories of Chang T'ien-yi. M.A. thesis. Berkeley: University of California, 1973.

Hsia, C.T. "Chang T'ien-i (1907- )." In C.T. Hsia, A History of Modern Chinese Fiction. 2nd ed. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1971, 212-36.

Moran, Thomas. "Zhang Tianyi." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 320-32.

Sun, Yifeng. Fragmentation and Dramatic Moments: Zhang Tianyi and the Narrative Discourse of Upheaval in Modern China. New York: Peter Lang, 2002.

-----. "Humour, Satire, and Parody in Zhang Tianyi's Writings." Chinese Culture XL, 2 (June 1999): 1-44.

-----. "The Function of Repetition in Zhang Tianyi's Art." Tamkang Review 31, 3 (Spring 2001): 137-.

Tsau, Shu-ying. "Zhang Tianyi's Fiction: The Beginning of Proletarian Literature in Chian." Ph.D. Diss. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1976.

----. "Zhang Tianyi's Satirical Wartime Stories." La litterature chinoise au temps de la guerre de resistance contre le Japon (de 1937 a 1945). Paris: Editions de la Fondation Singer-Polignac, 1982, 175-88.

Yuan, Ying. "Chang Tien-yi and His Young Readers." Chinese Literature 6 (1959): 137-139.

Zhang Wei
Lu, Jie. "Nostalgia without Memory: Reading Zhang Wei's Essays in the Context of Fable of September." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 211-25.

Mi, Jiayan. "Entropic Anxiety and the Allegory of Disappearance: Hydro-Utopianism in Zheng Yi's Old Well and Zhang Wei's Old Boat." China Information 21 (2007): 109-140.

Russell, Terrence. "Zhang Wei and the Soul of Rural China." Tamkang Review 35, 2 (Winter 2004): 41-56.

Xu, Jian. "Body, Earth, and Migration: The Poetics of Suffering in Zhang Wei's September Fable." Modern Language Quarterly: A Journal of Literary History 67, 2 (June 2006).

Zhang Xiguo (Chang Hsi-kuo)
Duke, Michael S. "Two Chess Masters, One Chinese Way: A Comparison of Chang Hsi-kuo's and Chung Ah-cheng's "Chi-wang"." Asian Culture Quarterly (Winter, 1987): 41-63.

Lau, Joseph S.M. "Obsession with Taiwan: The Fiction of Chang Hsi-kuo." In Jeannette L. Faurot, ed., Chinese Fiction from Taiwan: Critical Perspectives. Bloomington: IUP, 1980, 148-65.

Wong, Kin-yuen. "Rhetoric, History and Interpretation in Chang Hsi-kuo's The Star-Cloud State." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 115-132.

Yip, Terry Siu-han. "Place, Gender and Identity: The Global-Local Interplay in Three Stories from China, Taiwan and Hong Kong." In Kwok-kan Tam et al., eds., Sights of Contestation: Localism, Globalism and Cultural Production in Asia and the Pacific. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2002, 17-34. [deals with stories by Tie Ning, Zhang Xiguo (Chang Shi-kuo), and Ye Si]


Zhang Xianliang
An, Ch'i. "What 'Wind' Is Blowing?" In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 145-50/ .

Chen, Yu-shih. "Harmony and Equality: Notes on 'Mimosa' and 'Ark.'" Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 163-70.

Fang, Jincai. The Crisis of Emasculation and the Restoration of Patriarchy in the Fiction of Chinese Contemporary Male Writers Zhang Xianliang, Mo Yan, and Jia Pingwa. Ph.D. Diss. Vancouver: University of British Columbia, 2004.  

Fokkema, Douwe. "Modern Chinese literature as a result of acculturation: The intriguing case of Zhang Xianliang." In Lloyd Haft, ed., Words from the West: western texts in Chinese literary context: essays to honor Erik Zurcher on his sixty-fifth birthday. Leiden: CNWS Publications, 1993, 26-34.

Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "A Bettelheimian Interpretation of Chang Hsien-liang's Labor-Camp Fiction." Asia Major TS 4, 2 (1991): 83-114.

Li, Jun. "Zhang Xianliang and his Fiction." In Yang Bian, ed., The Time is Not Ripe: Contemporary China's Best Writers and Their Stories. Beijing: FLP, 1991, 327-32.

Link, Perry. "A Brief Introduction to Chang Hsien-liang." Asia Major TS 4, 2 (1991): 79-82.

Sybesma, Rint. "Literature, Business and the 'Cultural Revolution': an Update on Zhang Xianliang." China Information 8, 4 (Spr 1994): 52.

Tam, Kwok-kan. "Sexuality and Power in Zhang Xianliang's Novel Half of Man is Woman." MCL 5, 1 (1989): 55-72.

Williams, Philip F. "'Remolding' and the Chinese Labor Camp Novel." Asia Major TS 4, 2 (1991): 133-49.

Wu, Daming. Zhang Xianliang: The Stories of Revelation. Durham: Durham East Asia Papers, University of Durham, 1995.

Wu, Yenna. "Women as a Source of Redemption in Chang Hsien-liang's Concentration-Camp Novels. " Asia Major TS 4, 2 (1991): 115-32.

-----. "The Interweaving of Sex and Politics in Zhang Xianliang's Half a Man is Woman." Journal of Chinese Language Teachers Association 27, 1/2 (1992): 1-28.

Yeh-ho Editorial Board. "Pros and Cons of 'The Great Wind.'" In Hualing Nieh, ed., Literature of the Hundred Flowers, Volume II: Poetry and Fiction. NY: Columbia UP, 1981, 141-44.

Yue, Gang. "Postrevolutionary Leftovers: Zhang Xianliang and Ah Cheng." In The Mouth that Begs: Hunger, Cannibalism, and the Politics of Eating in Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 184-221.

Zhang Xianliang Biography (Pegasos Website, Findland)

Zhong, Xueping. "Male Sufering and Male Desire: The Politics of Reading Half of Man is Woman." In Gilmartin et al, eds. Engendering China: Women, Culture,and the State. Cambridge: Harvard UP, , 1994, 175-91.

Zhou, Zuyan. "Animal Symbolism and Political Dissidence in Half of Man is Woman." MCL 8 (1994): 69-95.


Zhang Xinxin
Jiang, Hong. "The Masculine-Feminine Woman: Transcending Gender Identity in Zhang Xinxin's Fiction." China Information 15, 1 (2001): 138-65.

Kinkley, Jeffrey C. "Modernism and Journalism in the Works of Chang Hsin-hsin." Tamkang Review 18, 1-4 (1987-88): 97-123.

-----. "The Cultural Choices of Zhang Xinxin, A Young Writer of the 1980's." In Paul A. Cohen and Merle Goldman, ed., Ideas Across Cultures: Essays on Chinese Thought in Honor of Benjamin Schwartz. Cambridge: Council on East Asian Studies, Harvard University, 1990.

Lau, Kam-fung. "Female Identity in Contemporary Chinese and Western Literature: Zhang Xinxin and Virginia Woolf." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 103-08.

Martin, Helmut. "Social Criticism in Contemporary Chinese Literature: New Forms of Pao-kao-Reportage by Zhang Xinxin." Proceedings on the Second International Conference on Sinology. Taipei: Academia Sinica, 1989.

Roberts, Rosemary A. "Images of Women in the Fiction of Zhang Jie and Zhang Xinxin." CQ 120 (1989): 800-13.

Wakeman, Carolyn and Yue Daiyun. "Fiction's End: Zhang Xinxin's New Approaches to Creativity." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. NY: M.E. Sharpe, Inc., 1989, 196-216.

Zhang Yiping
Findeisen, Raoul. “Un couple de ‘litteratuers’: Wu Shutian et Zhang Yiping.” In Jean-Louis Boully, ed., Ouvrages en langue chinoise de l’Institut franco-chinois de Lyon, 1921-1946. Lyon: Bibliotheque municipale de Lyon, nd., xxlii-lx.

Zhang Ziping
Liu, Jianmei. "Shanghai Variations on 'Revolution Plus Love.'" Modern Chinese Literature and Culture 14, 1 (Spring 2002): 51-92. [deals with texts by Shi Zhecun, Liu Na'ou, Mu Shiying, Zhang Ziping, and Ye Lingfeng]

Zhao Shuli
Beyer, John. "Part Novel, Risque Film: Zhao Shuli's Sanliwan and the Scenario Lovers Happy Ever After." In Wolfgang Kubin and Rudolf Wagner, eds., Essays in Modern Chinese Literature and Literary Criticism. Bochum: Brokmeyer, 1982, 90-116.

Birch, Cyril. "Chao Shu-li: Creative Writing in a Communist State." New Mexico Quarterly 25 (1955): 185-95.

Chung, Hilary and Tommy McClellan, "The Command Enjoyment of Literature in China: Conferences, Controls and Excesses.' In Hilary Chung ed., In the Party Spirit: Socialist Realism and Literary Practice in the Soviet Union, East Germany and China. Amsterdam and Atlanta: Rodopi, 1996, 1-22.

Feuerwerker, Yi-tsi Mei. "Zhao Shuli: The 'Making" of a Model Peasant Writer." In Feuerwerker, Ideology, Power, Text: Self-Representation and the Peasant "Other" in Modern Chinese Literature. Stanford: SUP, 1998, 100-45.

George, William. Chao Shu-li:Propagandist and Writer. M.A. Thesis. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1970.

Lu, Chien. "Chao Shu-li and His Writing." Chinese Literature 9 (1964): 21-26.

McClellan, T. M. "Zhao Shuli." In Dictionary of Literary Biography--Chinese Fiction Writers, 1900-1949. Ed. Thomas Moran. NY: Thomson Gale, 2007, 333-40.

Zhao Wanpeng
Wagner, Rudolf. The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 254-58. [ deals with "Da Qianlong"]

Zheng Chouyu
Kubin, Wolfgang. "The Black Knight on the Iron Horse: Cheng Ch'ou-yu's Poetical Version of the Passing Lover." In H. Goldblatt ed., Worlds Apart: Recent Chinese Writing and Its Audiences. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1990, 138-149.

Lin, Julia C. "Cheng Ch'ou-yu: The Keeper of the Old." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 1-11.

Lupke, Christopher. "Zheng Chouyu and the Search for Voice in Contemporary Chinese Lyric Poetry." In Lupke ed., New Perspectives on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007, 29-46.

Zheng Min
Chung, Ling. "Her Dexterous Sensibility: On Zheng Min's Poetry." Modern Chinese Literature 3, 1/2 (1987): 47-56.


Zheng Qingwen



Zheng Wanlong
Louie, Kam. "Masculinities and Minorities: Alienation in 'Strange Tales from Strange Lands." China Quarterly 132 (Dec. 1992): 1119-35.

Zheng Yi
Mi, Jiayan. "Entropic Anxiety and the Allegory of Disappearance: Hydro-Utopianism in Zheng Yi's Old Well and Zhang Wei's Old Boat." China Information 21 (2007): 109-140.

Yue, Gang. "Monument Revisited: Zheng Yi and Liu Zhenyun." In The Mouth that Begs: Hunger, Cannibalism, and the Politics of Eating in Modern China. Durham: Duke University Press, 1999, 228-62.


Zhong Lihe
McClelland, Tommy. "Home and the Land: The 'Native' Fiction of Zhong Lihe." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 9, 2 (Dec. 2009): 154-182.

Ying, Fenghuang. "The Literary Development of Zhong Lihe and Postcolonial Discourse in Taiwan." In David Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 140-55.


Zhong Xiaoqiong
Zhang, Qinghua. "Who Touches the Iron of the Age: On Zheng Xiaoqiong's Poetry." Chinese Literature Today (Summer 2010): 31-34.


Zhong Xiaoyang
Cheung, Samuel Hung-nin. "Beyond the Bridal Veil: The Romantic Vision of Zhong Xiaoyang." In Hsin-sheng C. Kao, ed., Nativism Overseas: Contemporary Chinese Women Writers. Albany: SUNY Press, 1993, 221-244.


Zhou Libo

Zhou Mengdie (Chou Meng-tieh)
Haft, Lloyd. Zhou Mengdie's Poetry of Consciousness. Weisbaden: Harrassowitz, 2006. [MCLC Resource Center review by Christopher Lupke]

Lin, Julia C. "Chou Meng-tieh: Embracer of Emptiness." In Lin, Essays on Contemporary Chinese Poetry. Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 1985, 96-109.

Zhou Shoujuan
Chen, Jianhua. "Formation of Modern Subjectivity and Essay: Zhou Shoujuan's 'In the Nine-Flower Curtain.'" In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 41-66.

-----. "Zhou Shoujuan's Love Stories and Mandarin Ducks and Butterfly Fiction." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 354-63.

-----. "An Archaeology of Repressed Popularity: Zhou Shoujuan, Mao Dun, and their 1920s Literary Polemics." In Carlos Rojas and Eileen Cheng-yin Chow, eds., Rethinking Chinese Popular Culture: Cannibalizations of the Canon. NY: Routledge, 2009, 91-114.

Zhou Xinfang
Wagner, Rudolf. The Contemporary Chinese Historical Drama. Berkeley: UCP, 1990, 262-74. [deals with "Hai Rui shangshu"].

-----. "'In Guise of a Congratulation: Political Symbolism in Zhou Xinfang's Play Hai Rui Submits his Memorial." In Jonathan Unger, ed., Using the Past to Serve the Present: Historiography and Politics in Contemporary China. Armonk: M.E. Sharpe, 1993, 46-103.


Zhou Yang
Ai, Yen. "The Real Meaning of Chou Yang's 'Theory of Broad Subject Matter.'" Chinese Literature 5/6 (May-June 1967): 144-53.


Zhou Zuoren
Chow, William C. S. Chou Tso-jen: A Serene Radical in the New Culture Movement. Ph. D. diss. Madison: University of Wisconsin, 1990.

-----. "Chou Tso-jen and the New Village Movement." Chinese Studies 10, 1(June 1992): 105-34.

Daruvala, Susan. "Zhou Zuoren: 'At Home' in Tokyo." In Gregory Lee, ed., Chinese Writing and Exile. Chicago: Center for East Asian Studies, The University of Chicago, 1993, 35-54.

-----. Zhou Zuoren (1885-1967) and an Alternative Response to Modernity. Ph.D. diss. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1993.

-----. Zhou Zuoren and an alternative Chinese Response to Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2000.

Duc, Georges Be. "Zhou Zuoren et la traduction." In Isabelle Rabut, ed., Les belles infideles dans l'empire du milieu: Problematique et pratiques de la traduction dans le monde Chinois moderne. Paris: You Feng, 2010, 17-32.

Galik, Marian. "Hu Shih, Chou Tso-jen, Ch'en Tu-hsiu and the Beginning of Modern Chinese Literary Criticism." In Galik, The Genesis of Modern Chinese Liteary Criticism (1917-1930). London: Curzon Press, 1980, 9-27.

Kwong, Kin Hong. “Zhou Zuoren’s Introduction Works [sic] of and Contribution to Greek Literature in His Early Stage.” In Marian Galik, ed., Interliterary and Intraliterary Aspects of the May Fourth Movement 1919 in China. Bratislava: Veda, 1990, 235-40.

Liu, Haoming. "From Little Savages to hen kai pan: Zhou Zuoren's (1885-1968) Romanticist Impulses around 1920." Asia Major 15, 1 (2002): 109-60.

Lu, Yan. "Beyond Politics in Wartime: Zhou Zuoren, 1931-1945." Sino-Japanese Studies 11, 1 (Oct. 1998): 6-13.

Pollard, D.E. A Chinese Look at Literature: The Literary Values of Chou Tso-jen in Relation to the Tradition. London: C. Hurst and Co., 1973.

-----. "Chou Tso-jen: A Scholar Who Withdrew." In C. Furth, ed., The Limits of Change: Essays on Conservative Alternatives in Republican China. Cambridge: HUP, 1976, 332-56.

Qian Liqun. Zhou Zuoren zhuan (Biography of Zhou Zuoren). Beijing: Beijing shiyue wenyi, 1990.

Wang, C.H. "Chou Tso-jen's Hellenism." In Tak-Wai Wong, ed., East West Comparative Literature: Cross-Cultural Discourse. HK: HKUC Press, 1993.

Wolff, Ernst. Chou Tso-jen. NY: Twayne, 1971.

Zhang, Xudong. "A Radical Hermeneutics of Chinese Literary Tradition: On Zhou Zuoren's Zhongguo xinwenxue de yuanliu." In Ching-i Tu, ed., Classics and Interpretations: The Hermeneutic Traditions in Chinese Culture. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 2000, 427-55..


Zhu Guangqian
Cui, Zhiying. "Saving China from Its National Crisis: A Defence of Zhu Guangqian's Aesthetics." Journal of the Oriental Society of Australia 32/33 (2000/2001): 28-46.

McDougall, Bonnie. "On the Social Implications of the Aesthetic Theories of Zhu Guangqian." In Goran Malmqvist, ed., Modern Chinese Literature in Its Social Context. Stockholm: Nobel Symposium, 1975, 77-122.

Moller, Hans-Georg. "Dionysian, Apollinian, Negation of Negation: Zhu Guangqian's Interpretation of Nietzsche." In Raoul Findeisen and Robert Gassmann, eds., Autumn Floods: Essays in Honour of Marian Galik. Bern: Peter Lang, 1997, 635-42.

Sabattini, Mario. "Chu Kuang-ch'ien and Croce." Tamkang Review 23, 1-4 (1992/93): 601-26.


Zhu Lin
King, Richard. "In the Translator's Eye: Richard King on the Significance of Zhu Lin." Modern Chinese Literature 4, 1/2 (1988): 171-76.

----. "Images of Sexual Oppression in Zhu Lin's Snake's-Pillow Collection." In Michael S. Duke, ed., Modern Chinese Women Writers: Critical Appraisals. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1989, 152-73.


Zhu Shaolin (Chu Shao-lin)
Tsai, Hsiu-chih. "The Semiotic Structuration of Home and Identity in A Song of the Sad Coffee Shop." The American Journal of Semiotics 23, 1-4 (2007): 277-301.

[Abstract: This paper deals with the function of metonymy in A Song of the Sad Coffee Shop (1996), a novel by Taiwan's woman writer Shao-lin Chu (b. 1966). For my reading of the novel's narrative, I should like to appropriate a Jakobsonian understanding of metaphoric and metonymic functions. This approach will hopefully help in analyzing the significance of the protagonist's quest for identification in her trip to Madagascar, in which the juxtaposition of places of similar geographical features works to construct a contiguity between them, and goes on to achieve a rapprochement of mind and body in the practice and process of philosophical cultivation. The protagonists trip, as a quest for home and identity, through the metonymic power of identification and localization, finally calls into question the fixity of the concept of home and homeland, the expedition itself turning into a mysterious journey of self-cultivation and home-coming.]

Zhu Shouju
Huters, Theodore. "Swimming Against the Tide: The Shanghai of Zhu Shouju." In Huters, Bringing Home the World: Appropriating the West in Late Qing and Early Republican China. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2005, 229-51.


Zhu Tianwen
Berry, Michael. "Words and Images: A Conversation with Hou Hsiao-hsien and Chu T'ien-wen." positions 11, 3 (Winter 2003): 675-716.

Chang, Sung-sheng Yvonne. "Chu T'ien-wen and Taiwan's Recent Cultural and Literary Trends." Modern Chinese Literature 6, 1/2 (1992): 61-84.

Chen, Ling-chei Letty. "Rising from the Ashes: Identity and Aesthetics of Hybridity in Zhu Tianwen's Notes of a Desolate Man." Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 4, 1 (2000): 101-38.

-----. "Writing Taiwan's Fin-de-Siecle Splendor: Zhu Tianwen and Zhu Tianxin." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 584-91.

Chiang, Shu-chen. "Rejection of Postmodern Abandon: Zhu Tianwen's Fin-de-siecle Splendor." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 45-66.

Chiu, Kuei-fen. "Identity Politics in Contemporary Women Novels in Taiwan." In Peng-hisang Chen and Whitney Crothers Dilley, eds., Feminism/Femininity in Chinese Literature. Amsterdam,: Rodopi, 2002, 67-86.

Dutrait, Noel. "Four Taiwanese Writers on Themselves Chu T'ien-wen, Su Wei Chen, Cheng Chiung-ming and Ye Lingfang respond to our questionnaire." China Perspectives 17 (May/June 1998).

Hsiu-Chuang, Deppman. "Recipes for a New Taiwanese Identity? Food, Space, and Sex in the Works of Ang Lee, Ming-liang Tsai, and T'ien-wen Chu." American Journal of Chinese Studies 8, 2 (Oct. 2001): 145-68.

Rojas, Carlos. "Chu T'ien-wen and Cinematic Shadows." In Rojas, The Naked Gaze: Reflections on Chinese Modernity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2008, 274-302.

Wang, Ban. "Reenchanting the Image in Global Culture: Reification and Nostalgia in Zhu Tianwen’s Fiction." in David Der-wei Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 370-90.

Zhu Tianxin
Chen, Lingchei Letty. "Writing Taiwan's Fin-de-Siecle Splendor: Zhu Tianwen and Zhu Tianxin." In Joshua Mostow, ed, and Kirk A. Denton, China section, ed., Columbia Companion to Modern East Asian Literatures. NY: Columbia UP, 2003, 584-91.

-----. "Mapping Identity in a Postcolonial City: Intertextuality and Cultural Hybridity in Zhu Tianxin’s Ancient Capital." in David Der-wei Wang and Carlos Rojas eds., Writing Taiwan: A New Literary History. Durham, NC: Duke UP, 2006, 301-23.

Haddon, Rosemary. "Being/Not Being at Home in the Writing of Zhu Tianxin." In John Makeham and A-chin Hsiau, eds. Cultural, Ethnic, and Political Nationalism in Contemporary Taiwan: Bentuhua. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005, 103-24.

Hsu, Jen-yi. "Ghosts In The City: Mourning and Melancholia in Zhu Tianxin's The Old Capital." Comparative Literature Studies 41, 4 (2004): 546-564. [Project Muse link]

-----. "Fetishizing the Loss: The Phantasms of Eros in Zhu Tianxin's Writings of Melancholia." Dong Hwa Journal of Humanities 11 (July 2007): 269-302. [abstract]

Jin, Yanyu. "Three Chinese Women Writers and the City in the 1990s." In Kwok-kan Tam and Terry Siu-han Yip, eds., Gender, Discourse and the Self in Literature: Issues in Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong. HK: The Chinese University Press, 2010, 147-57. [deals with Wang Anyi, Shi Shuqing, and Zhu Tianxin]

Liao, Chaoyang. “Catastrophe and Hope: The Politics of “The Ancient Capital” and The City Where the Blood-Red Bat Descended.” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 4, 1 (2000): 5-34.

"Catastrophe and Hope: The Politics of The Ancient Capital and The City Where the Blood-Red Bat Descended." On-line works of Liao Chaoyang.

Liao, Sebastion Hsien-hao. “Jekyll Is and Hyde Isn’t: Negotiating the Nationalization of Identity in The Mystery Garden and ‘Breakfast at Tiffany’s.’” Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 1 (2001): 65-92.

Lupke, Christopher. "Chu T'ien-wen and the Sotto Voce of Gendered Expression in the Films of Hou Hsiao-hsien." In Lingzhen Wang, ed., Chinese Women's Cinema: Transnational Contexts. NY: Columbia UP, 2011, 274-92.

Stuckey, Andrew. "Globalized Traditions: Zhu Tianxin's The Ancient Capital." In Stuckey, Old Stories Retold: Narrative and Vanishing Pasts in Modern China. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, 2010, 133-46.

Zhu Wen
Lovell, Julia. "Filthy Fiction: The Writings of Zhu Wen." The China Beat (Aug. 5, 2009).

Visser, Robin. "Urban Ethics: Modernity and the Morality of Everyday Life." In Charles Laughlin, ed., Contested Modernities in Chinese Literature.New York: Palgrave, 2005. 193-216. [deals with fiction by Qiu Huadong, He Dun, and Zhu Wen (Shenme shi laji, shenme shi ai])

-----. Visser, Robin. "In the Back Alleys of the People's Republic." Review of I Love Dollars and Other Stories of China by Zhu Wen. Tr. Julia
Lovell. (NY: Columbia University Press, 2007). PRI's The World (December 4, 2007).

Zhu Xiaoyan
Leung, Yiu-nam. “Zhu Xiaoyan, Chinese Canadian Writer” (Interview). Journal of Modern Literature in Chinese 5, 1 (2001): 147-60.

Zhu Xining
Birch, Cyril. "The Function of Intertextual Reference in Zhu Xining's 'Daybreak'." In Theodore Huters, ed., Reading the Modern Chinese Short Story. Armonk, NY: M.E. Sharpe, 1990, 105-118.

Feng, Jin. "Narrating Suffering, Constructing Chinese Modernity: The Emergence of the Modern Subject in Chinese Literature." East Asia 18, 1 (Spring 2000): 82-109. [deals in part with Zhu's story "Daybreak"]

Zhu Ziqing
Fried, Daniel A. "Zhu Ziqing, Frantz Fanon, and the Fierce White Children." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 99-114.

Meng, Hua. "From Jules Aleni to Zhu Ziqing: Travel Accounts and the Construction of 'Romantic France.'" Frontiers of Literary Studies in China 2, 2 (June. 2008): 304-20.

Sun, Yushi. "The Theoretial Resources of Zhu Ziqing's system of Hermeneutics of Modern Poetry." Frontiers of Literary Studies in China 3, 1 (March 2009): 24-63.

Wagner, Alexandra R. "Tradition as Construct and the Search for a Modern Identity: A Reading of Traditional Gestures in Modern Chinese Essays of Place." In Martin Woesler, ed., The Modern Chinese Literary Essay: Defining the Chinese Self in the 20th Century. Bochum: Bochum UP, 2000, 133-46. [deals with Yu Dafu, Zhu Ziqing, and Fang Lingru]

Zong Fuxian
Anon. "The Modern Play: 'Where the Silence Is.'" Peking Review 21, 47 (November 24, 1978):11-12;

Cao Yu. "A Thunderclap." Chinese Literature 4 (1979): 60-63.

Weiss, Ruth. "A Sign of Daring and Maturity: The Drama When All Sounds are Hushed." Eastern Horizon 18, 4 (1979): 18-23.

Yee, Angelina C. "Yang Kui."

Zong Pu (Feng Zongpu)

Zou Taofen
Gerwurtz, Margo Speisman. Between America and Russia: Chinese Student Radicalism and the Travel Books of Tsou T'ao-fen, 1935-1937. Toronto: University of Toronto, 1975.